作业帮英语论文 ：The Researches of Corporate Political Strate[1]
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英语论文 ：The Researches of Corporate Political Strate[1]英语论文
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Abstract This empirical paper studies corporate political activities in Chinese transitional environment. The research results show that 1) Corporate political activities widely exist in China; 2) Firms can develop and implement eight types of political strategies in China; 3) There is a high level of similarity, as well as significant differences between political activities of firms in Chinese environment and western environment. Key words Corporate political strategy, Government policy, Chinese transitional environment 1 Introduction In developed countries with market economy, the issues of public policies and rules, which influence business activities, have always been concerned by business organizations (Shaffer, 1995). Firms not only comply with government policies and regulations, but also influence the government decision-making process actively in many aspects, in order to create a favorable business environment for them (Zhang WeiYing, 2001; Hillman and Hill, 1999). The later is called corporate political activities, which have been studied extensively in past twenty years (such as, Davis,1998; Getz,1993; Hillman and Hitt, 1999; Keim,1981; Sethi,1982; etc.). For example, Getz (1993) identified seven tactics of corporate political actions (CPA), including lobbying, reporting researching results, reporting survey results, testimony, legal actions, private services and constituency building. Davis (1998) focused on CEO testimony and direct lobbying, and found out that most of firms affected the government policy through lobbying, communication and electoral contribution. China is still in a transition period from planned economy to market economy, and the government’s influences over firms remains not only at macro level by means of the policy and regulation, but also at the microcosmic level by means of direct intervention. At the same time, business sectors (including public firms and private firms) exert enormous influences on government decisio英语论文
Abstract This empirical paper studies corporate political activities in Chinese transitional environment. The research results show that 1) Corporate political activities widely exist in China; 2) Firms can develop and implement eight types of political strategies in China; 3) There is a high level of similarity, as well as significant differences between political activities of firms in Chinese environment and western environment. Key words Corporate political strategy, Government policy, Chinese transitional environment 1 Introduction In developed countries with market economy, the issues of public policies and rules, which influence business activities, have always been concerned by business organizations (Shaffer, 1995). Firms not only comply with government policies and regulations, but also influence the government decision-making process actively in many aspects, in order to create a favorable business environment for them (Zhang WeiYing, 2001; Hillman and Hill, 1999). The later is called corporate political activities, which have been studied extensively in past twenty years (such as, Davis,1998; Getz,1993; Hillman and Hitt, 1999; Keim,1981; Sethi,1982; etc.). For example, Getz (1993) identified seven tactics of corporate political actions (CPA), including lobbying, reporting researching results, reporting survey results, testimony, legal actions, private services and constituency building. Davis (1998) focused on CEO testimony and direct lobbying, and found out that most of firms affected the government policy through lobbying, communication and electoral contribution. China is still in a transition period from planned economy to market economy, and the government’s influences over firms remains not only at macro level by means of the policy and regulation, but also at the microcosmic level by means of direct intervention. At the same time, business sectors (including public firms and private firms) exert enormous influences on government decisio英语论文