英语翻译In our study,S.thermophilus was retrieved from only one volunteer on day 7,but we cannot exclude the possibility that a prolonged ingestion period or a larger amount of ingested yogurt,as described by Mater et al.(22),could positively aff

英语翻译In our study,S.thermophilus was retrieved from only one volunteer on day 7,but we cannot exclude the possibility that a prolonged ingestion period or a larger amount of ingested yogurt,as described by Mater et al.(22),could positively aff
英语翻译
In our study,S.thermophilus was retrieved from only one volunteer on day 7,but we cannot exclude the possibility that a prolonged ingestion period or a larger amount of ingested yogurt,as described by Mater et al.(22),could positively affect the rate of S.thermophilus recovery from fecal samples.However,several authors have shown that S.thermophilus suffers from the environmentally adverse gas-tric conditions (9,26).
A recent report (4) described detection and enumeration of S.thermophilus from stool samples of 10 healthy subjects and 10 patients with irritable bowel syndrome,half of whom were treated with 250 g of yogurt per day and half of whom were treated with a probiotic pharmaceutical preparation.The ther-mophilic streptococci in feces were quantified by the authors using primers ThI and ThII (30),which we also tested in order to monitor the reliability of this species-specific primer pair.Our results confirmed that primers ThI and ThII could not discriminate between S.thermophilus and S.salivarius,as pre-viously described by Tilsala-Timisjarvi and Alatossava (30).Species-specific PCR amplification performed with primers ThI and ThII could lead to incorrect results and,together with the lack of subsequent strain-specific recognition,could easily explain the retrieval of thermophilic streptococci in fecal sam-ples described by Brigidi et al.(4).These observations confirm that assessment of yogurt culture survival in the human gut requires reliable molecular tools,such as PCR primers for species- and strain-specific identification of orally administered strains.
Since recently there have been conflicting reports,several authors are still debating the probiotic properties of traditional yogurt starters.Probiotic traits are currently considered to be strictly strain specific (29); therefore,the use of strain-specific molecular approaches is very relevant to the study of the sur-vival and effects of yogurt starters on host health.
Moreover,the ability to survive transit through the gastro-intestinal tract,the ability to reach the distal tract in a viable form,and the ability to be recovered from feces by culture methods are unequivocally considered key features for a pro-biotic.These considerations led us to focus on accurate strain-specific retrieval of viable yogurt cultures in fecal samples,while other authors failed to consider this aspect (9).
In conclusion,we confirmed that yogurt bacteria,especially L.delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus,can be retrieved from feces of healthy individuals after a few days of ingestion of commercial yogurt.Moreover,our results indicate that very careful setup of the analytic procedures can dramatically improve the reli-ability of studies of the survival of yogurt starters.

英语翻译In our study,S.thermophilus was retrieved from only one volunteer on day 7,but we cannot exclude the possibility that a prolonged ingestion period or a larger amount of ingested yogurt,as described by Mater et al.(22),could positively aff
在我们的研究中,嗜热检索上只有一个7天的志愿者,但我们不可能排除可能性一个长时期的摄取期间或一笔巨额被咽下的酸奶,如所描述由Mater等.(22),可能正面地影响S.的率.从粪便样品中嗜热回收,然而,一些作者已显示了S.嗜热受到环境的不良气体TRIC条件（9 26）.
最近一次报告 （4） 所描述的检测和枚举的嗜热.从粪便样品10个正常人和10例肠易激综合症患者,其中一半与250克的每一天,其中一半的酸奶治疗嗜热与益生菌制剂治疗.粪便中的疗法mophilic链球菌进行量化作者使用引物THI和thii的（30）,我们还以监视这一物种特异性引物对的可靠性测试.我们的研究结果证实,引物THI和thii的不能歧视从s.和嗜热.唾液,为先前描述,由tilsala timisjarvi和alatossava（30）的.物种特异性PCR引物,THI和thii的放大进行可能导致不正确的结果,缺乏后续的具体应变识别,可以很容易地解释粪便由brigidi等描述样品,样品中嗜热链球菌的检索.（4）.这些观测证实,在人体肠道内的酸奶文化生存的评估需要可靠的分子工具,如口服株的物种和应变鉴定的PCR引物.
由于最近有矛盾的报道,几位作者仍在辩论的传统酸奶发酵剂的益生菌属性.益生菌性状是目前被认为是严格的应变具体（29）,因此,应变具体的分子生物学方法的使用是非常相关的河畔生存和主机上的健康酸奶起动的影响的研究.
此外,生存能力通过胃肠道,能够达到在一个可行的远端感染形式,并能恢复从粪的方法是明确认为文化的重要功能一个pro的生物.这些考虑导致我们将重点放在准确应力消除的具体可行的酸奶文化检索在粪样本,而其他作者未能考虑这一方面问题(9).
最后,我们确认酸奶细菌,尤其是研究亚种保加利亚,可以检索健康人的粪便中摄取的商业酸奶的几天后.此外,我们的研究结果表明很小心的解析程序的安装程序可以大大提高生存的酸奶发酵剂研究的管理处的能力.