复活节的英语和中文对照（简短）

复活节的英语和中文对照（简短）
复活节的英语和中文对照（简短）

复活节的英语和中文对照（简短）
复活节中英文介绍
复活节是最古老最有意义的基督教节日之一.它庆祝的是基督的复活,世界各地的基督徒每年都要举行庆祝.复活节还象征重生和希望.时间是春分月圆后的第一个星期日.
复活节是基督教纪念耶稣复活的节日.传说耶稣被钉死在十字架上,死后第三天复活升天.每年在教堂庆祝的复活节指的是春分月圆后的第一个星期日,如果月圆那天刚好是星期天,复活节则推迟一星期.因而复活节可能在3月22日至4月25日之间的任何一天.
典型的复活节礼物跟春天和再生有关系：鸡蛋、小鸡、小兔子、鲜花,特别是百合花是这一季节的象征.复活节前夕,孩子们为朋友和家人给鸡蛋着色打扮一番.这些蛋有的煮得很老,有的只是空空的蛋壳.复活节那天早上,孩子们会发现床前的复活节篮子里装满了巧克力彩蛋、复活节小兔子、有绒毛的小鸡及娃娃玩具等.据说复活节兔子会将彩蛋藏在室内或是草地里让孩子们去寻找.一年一度的美国白宫滚彩蛋活动经常被电视台实况转播.
在多数西方国家里,复活节一般要举行盛大的宗教游行.游行者身穿长袍,手持十字架,赤足前进.他们打扮成基督教历史人物,唱着颂歌欢庆耶稣复活.如今节日游行已失去往日浓厚的宗教色彩.节日游行洋溢着喜庆的气氛,具有浓烈的民间特色和地方特色.在美国,游行队伍中即有身穿牛仔服踩高跷的小丑,也有活泼可爱的卡通人物米老鼠.在英国,游行多以介绍当地的历史和风土人情为主,游行者化装成为苏格兰风笛乐队以及皇宫卫士,吸引了众多的游客.复活节的到来还使人们纷纷换上新衣.过去基督教教徒会在节前去教堂行洗礼,然后穿上自己的新袍,庆祝基督的新生.穿戴一新的习俗保留至今,因为人们认为节日里不穿新衣是要倒运的.复活节期间,人们还喜欢彻底打扫自己的住处,表示新生活从此开始.
德国政府规定复活节休息两天.在节日里,家人团聚,品尝各种传统食品,亲戚朋友见面要互相祝贺.象征生命的蛋、火、水、兔等成了复活节的吉祥物.鸡蛋和兔子在西方是新的生命和兴旺发达的象征.鸡蛋的本色象征太阳,把鸡蛋染成红色则象征生活幸福.在复活节中,父母要特地为孩子们准备制成鸡蛋、兔子形状的巧克力糖.亲友间要互赠彩蛋.在莱茵河中游和黑森东部的一些城镇,至今保留着“彩蛋树”这一古老习俗.人们把成百的蛋壳涂上彩画,串成蛋链,在复活节这天挂在松树上,制成彩蛋树,大人孩子围着彩蛋树唱歌、跳舞、庆祝复活节.而阿尔卑斯山的姑娘们则通过赠送红鸡蛋来表达自己的爱情.在复活节这天,姑娘如果向某一小伙子赠送三个红鸡蛋,表示姑娘向小伙子求爱.关于兔子成为复活节的吉祥物,是有一段传说的.
在古代耶稣复活之日,正值斯堪的纳维亚地区居民庆祝大地回春的“春太阳节”,作为草原、森林动物中多产动物之一的兔子,它象征了春天的复苏和新生命的诞生,同时它又是爱神阿弗洛狄特的宠物,也是日尔曼土地女神霍尔塔的持烛引路者.因此,现在兔子作为给孩子们送复活节鸡蛋的使者,深受孩子的宠爱.'在复活节这一天孩子定会收到兔形礼物. 火不仅给人类带来了光明,也使大地获得了新生.作为耶稣再生的象征,复活节的许多活动都与火相关.
复活节这一天,人们在教堂前点烛以示圣化,并将圣烛迎进千家万户.这一天,孩子们最快乐的事是把圣火送到各家.他们在教堂前用圣火点燃树枝,然后奔跑着送到各家各户,其间充满着欢快的节日气氛.在德国的巴伐利亚地区,每年的复活节居民们都要举行火炬赛跑,以庆祝耶稣的再生.而北莱茵上威斯特法伦州的吕克台复活节滚火轮更是远近闻名.六个巨型大木轮被火点燃滚下山谷,就像六个火球从天而降,漆黑的山谷被大火轮照得通明,它与五彩缤纷的焰火交相辉映,再次显示了火给人类带来了新生.
作为德国惟一的少数民族索布族人则是用百骑大合唱的形式来庆祝耶酥的复活.一个个身穿黑色上衣、头戴黑色礼帽的索布族人,骑在用彩带、鲜花和白色贝壳装饰的骏马上,浩浩荡荡地行进在林间小路上.他们边走边用粗犷雄厚的嗓音高唱赞歌,场面十分壮观.
复活节与食物
在欧洲,因为有四旬期(复活节前40天)的守斋的缘故,在每次复活节用餐前,都先予以祝圣；因此第七世纪时,就有祝圣羔羊的记载出现了,之后又多了油脂和火腿的祝圣.
其实四旬节守斋是禁止吃蛋类的.到了十二世纪,才开始有鸡蛋的祝圣；因此在复活节时,天主教徒会把蛋涂成红色,请神父祝圣,自己也用作礼物送给朋友,这是为什么现在复活节都要送彩蛋的最早起源.
除了鸡蛋外,还有其它食品,如奶油、乳酪、面包等的祝圣.在礼仪改革前的圣教典礼中,仍保留了羔羊、蛋、面包的祝圣经文.
在欧洲许多国家,复活主日的主餐均食羔羊肉,因为在祝圣羔羊时,可让人纪念摩西借着羔羊的血,领导以色列人出埃及,而这羔羊(后来称为逾越节的羔羊)是耶稣的预表：他是上帝的圣洁羔羊,藉他在十字架上所留的血,使人类得以洗净罪,脱离魔鬼的奴役.
蛋也象征春天及新生命的开始.到了基督徒的时代,更赋予了一层宗教意义：象征耶稣复活走出石墓.
而面包则使基督徒们想到耶稣是永生的活粮.在欧洲许多国家中,复活节通常会另外烤制特别的复活节面包,面包上画有基督耶稣的字样、十字架,或羔羊的图案等,以纪念基督.
复活节岛与复活节
在烟波浩渺的南太平洋上,有一个面积仅为165平方公里的小岛－－复活节岛,它以神秘的巨石人像和奇异的风情吸引着无数游人.复活节岛是智利的一个小岛,距智利本土3600多公里.据说,1722年荷兰探险家雅可布·洛吉文（Jabbo Roggeween）在南太平洋上航行探险,突然发现一片陆地.他以为自己发现了新大陆,赶紧登陆,结果上岸后才知道是个海岛.正巧这天是复活节（1722年4月5）,于是就将这个无名小岛命名为复活节岛.1888年,智利政府派人接管该岛,说来也巧,这天又正好是复活节.
A Sunday between March 22 and April 25
The meaning of many different customs observed during Easter Sunday have been buried with time. Their origins lie in pre-Christian religions and Christianity. All in some way or another are a "salute to spring," marking re-birth. The white Easter lily has come to capture the glory of the holiday. The word "Easter" is named after Eastre, the Anglo-Saxon goddess of spring. A festival was held in her honor every year at the vernal equinox （春分）.
People celebrate the holiday according to their beliefs and their religious denominations （命名）. Christians commemorate Good Friday as the day that Jesus Christ died and Easter Sunday as the day that He was resurrected （复活）. Protestant settlers brought the custom of a sunrise service, a religious gathering at dawn, to the United States.
This year Easter will be celebrated on Sunday April 11, 2004. On Easter Sunday children wake up to find that the Easter Bunny has left them baskets of candy. He has also hidden the eggs that they decorated earlier that week. Children hunt for the eggs all around the house. Neighborhoods and organizations hold Easter egg hunts, and the child who finds the most eggs wins a prize.
The Easter Bunny is a rabbit-spirit. Long ago, he was called the" Easter Hare." Hares and rabbits have frequent multiple births so they became a symbol of fertility. The custom of an Easter egg hunt began because children believed that hares laid eggs in the grass. The Romans believed that "All life comes from an egg." Christians consider eggs to be "the seed of life" and so they are symbolic of the resurrection of Jesus Christ.
Why we dye, or color, and decorate eggs is not certain. In ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome and Persia eggs were dyed for spring festivals. In medieval Europe, beautifully decorated eggs were given as gifts.
Egg Rolling
In England, Germany and some other countries, children rolled eggs down hills on Easter morning, a game which has been connected to the rolling away of the rock from Jesus Christ's tomb when he was resurrected. British settlers brought this custom to the New World.
In the United States in the early nineteenth century, Dolly Madison, the wife of the fourth American President, organized an egg roll in Washington, D.C. She had been told that Egyptian children used to roll eggs against the pyramids so she invited the children of Washington to roll hard-boiled eggs down the hilly lawn of the new Capitol building! The custom continued, except for the years during the Civil War. In 1880, the First Lady invited children to the White House for the Egg Roll because officials had complained that they were ruining the Capitol lawn. It has been held there ever since then, only canceled during times of war. The event has grown, and today Easter Monday is the only day of the year when tourists are allowed to wander over the White House lawn. The wife of the President sponsors it for the children of the entire country. The egg rolling event is open to children twelve years old and under. Adults are allowed only when accompanied by children!
Traditionally, many celebrants （司仪神父） bought new clothes for Easter which they wore to church. After church services, everyone went for a walk around the town. This led to the American custom of Easter parades all over the country. Perhaps the most famous is along Fifth Avenue in New York City.
Good Friday is a federal holiday in 16 states and many schools and businesses throughout the U.S. are closed on this Friday.