英语翻译From the moment that an animal is born it has to make decisions.It has to decide which of the things around it are for eating,and which are to be avoided; when to attack and when to run away.The animal is ,in fact ,playing a very dangerou

英语翻译From the moment that an animal is born it has to make decisions.It has to decide which of the things around it are for eating,and which are to be avoided; when to attack and when to run away.The animal is ,in fact ,playing a very dangerou
英语翻译
From the moment that an animal is born it has to make decisions.It has to decide which of the things around it are for eating,and which are to be avoided; when to attack and when to run away.The animal is ,in fact ,playing a very dangerous game with its environment ,a game in which it must make decision—a matter of life or death .
; i:T,@:}2 `- d a Animals’ ability to act reasonably is believed to come partly from what we may call “genetic (遗传性的）learning” ,which is different from the individual (个体的） learning that an animal does in the course of its own lifetime .Genetic learning is learning by a
.L:r( X5 } Q* b( K$ lspecies —animals of the same kind—as a whole ,and it is achieved by selection of those members of each generation that happen to act in the right way .However,the role of genetic learning depends upon how similar the future environment is to the past.The more important individual experience is likely to be,the less important is genetic learning as a means of getting over the problems of the survival game.Because most animals live in ever changing environments from one generation to the next,it is not surprising to find that very few species indeed depend wholly upon genetic learning.
:N3 M# E:X- M# }) I; c In the great majority of animals ,their particular ways of acting in a new environment are a compound (复合体） of individual experience added to the action patterns animals are born with .That is why animals can survive.

英语翻译From the moment that an animal is born it has to make decisions.It has to decide which of the things around it are for eating,and which are to be avoided; when to attack and when to run away.The animal is ,in fact ,playing a very dangerou
从一个动物出生开始,它不得不做决定.它要决定周围的哪些东西可以吃,哪些要避免；什么时候要攻击以及什么时候要逃跑.事实上,动物在它的环境中很危险,因为它要对生存和死亡做出决定（这句话我觉得意译会好点.直译的话就变成：动物与它的环境在玩一个危险的决定生死的游戏.应该都可以理解的）
动物合理行为的能力在一定程度上被认为是我们说的遗传性的学习,这种遗传性学习是不同于在课程中（学到的）动物属于他们自己生活的个体学习.
遗传性学习是通过物种——相同种类的动物——作为一个整体,它通过选择每代能够有正常行为成员 被获得.然而,遗传性学习依靠于 未来环境与过去环境的相似性.更重要的是个体经历可能会发生什么,（而）遗传性学习,作为生存解决问题的一种手段 就没有那么重要.因为大多数动物住在曾经改变过的环境（意译就是：每代人居住环境都不同）,（因此）发现极少数的物种真正完全依靠遗传性学习是不觉得惊讶的.
大多数动物,他们在新环境下行为的特殊方式是个人经历加上动物天生模仿行为的一个复合体.这就是为什么动物可以存活.