"Do you think ____ they will bring back the death penalty sooner or later?" [A] if [B] whether [C]
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"Do you think ____ they will bring back the death penalty sooner or later?" [A] if [B] whether [C]
"Do you think ____ they will bring back the death penalty sooner or later?" [A] if [B] whether [C]
"Do you think ____ they will bring back the death penalty sooner or later?" [A] if [B] whether [C]
if 和whether都行.
1.互换的场合
引导宾语从句表示“是否”时,两者常可互换.如:
He asked if [whether] we wanted a drink.他问我们是否想喝一杯.
He didn’t tell me if [whether] hewould come.他没有告诉我他是否会来.
注:若是引导条件状语从句,则只能用 if (意为“如果”).
2.通常用 if 的场合
当引导一个否定的宾语从句时,通常用 if 而不用 whether.如:
I don’t care if it doesn’t rain.我不在乎天是否下雨.
注:在个别词语 (如 wonder,not sure 等)后的从句否定式有时也可能用 whether 来引导.如:
I wonder if [whether] he isn’t mistaken.我想知道他是否错了.
3.通常用 whether 的场合
(1) 引导主语从句且放在句首时.如:
Whether he will come is still a question.他是否会来还是个问题.
注:若在句首使用形式主语 it,而将主语从句放在句末,则有时也可用 if 来引导.如:
It was not known whether [if] he would come.不知他是否会来.
(2) 引导表语从句时.如:
The question is whether we should go on with thework.问题是我们是否应该继续进行这项工作.
注:引导表语从句偶尔也用 if (很不正式),但远不如用 whether 常见.
(3) 引导宾语从句且放在句首时.如:
Whether he is single I don’t know.他是否单身,我不知道.
(4) 引导让步状语从句时.如:
Whether he agrees or not,I shall do that.不管他同意与否,我都要那样做.
(5) 与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时.如:
I don’t know whether he iswrong or she is wrong.我不知道是他错了,还是她错了.
注:or 若不是引导两个从句,而是连接两个词或短语,则也可用 if (但不如用 whether 常见).如:
He didn’t know if [whether] weshould write or phone.他不知道我们是写信好还是打电话好.
(6) 用于不定式之前时.如:
I’m not sure whether to stay or leave.我不知是留还是去.
I didn’t know whether to laughor to cry.我真是哭笑不得.
(7) 用于介词之后时.如:
It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.这取决于信是否来得及时.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我担心是否伤了她的感情.
(8) 直接与 or not 连用时.如:
I will write to you whether or not I can come.我能不能来,我将写信告诉你.
注:若不是直接与 or not 用在一起,则有时也可用 if.如:
I don’t know whether [if] hewill win or not.我不知他是否能赢.
(9) 在某些动词后(如 discuss 等) 通常只用 whether.如:
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting.我们讨论了是否要开一个会.