英语翻译0 - 离问题结束还有 14 天 21 小时 没有科学的证据证明死刑的威慑力比终身监禁大.他们以加拿大为例来说明自己的观点：加拿大1975年的杀人案件比率是平均每10万人有3.09人；1976年废

英语翻译0 - 离问题结束还有 14 天 21 小时 没有科学的证据证明死刑的威慑力比终身监禁大.他们以加拿大为例来说明自己的观点：加拿大1975年的杀人案件比率是平均每10万人有3.09人；1976年废
英语翻译
0 - 离问题结束还有 14 天 21 小时
没有科学的证据证明死刑的威慑力比终身监禁大.他们以加拿大为例来说明自己的观点：加拿大1975年的杀人案件比率是平均每10万人有3.09人；1976年废除死刑,到1980年,下降为每10万人中有2.41人.自那以后,杀人案件一直呈下降趋势.到1999年,杀人案件比率下降到每10万人中只有1.76人.[4]他们认为死刑并不具有终极的遏止效力.这种观点的根据在于人的利他本性.人性不仅有自私的一面,还有利他的一面.当个人的生命可以换取其所在集体的或者种族的利益等更大的利益时,个人往往会选择牺牲个人生命以谋取或保全集体的利益．无数事实证明,在人类社会,高于个人生命的价值是存在的.否则“舍生取义”或“重于泰山之死”的说法将无法成立.尽管这种观点建立在合理依据之上,但并不能由此来否定死刑存在的意义.死刑虽不足以遏制所有的犯罪,但其作为极刑,与谋杀等极端的犯罪是对等的.如果废除了死刑,其它刑罚对那些极端犯罪的遏制力会更显得捉襟见肘.如果无期徒刑（终身监禁）是最严厉的刑罚的话,那么已经被判处终身监禁的杀人犯再次杀死看守人员或其他囚犯将不会受到更加严厉的惩罚.
马克思当年曾经说过,最严重的犯罪往往是宣布死刑判决后发生的.而且,严厉刑罚的震慑力往往被法网疏漏所导致的侥幸心理所抵销.故不能单纯强调和过分依靠重刑多杀来维护社会治安.比如：一个杀人犯杀人之后,知道自己必然被判处死刑,那么,他可能选择的路是自杀或更疯狂地杀人、无所顾忌的犯罪.这样的罪犯才可怕,对社会的潜在危害性比无死刑国家的罪犯可怕的多,当一个人发现自己被捕必然要死亡的情况下,人必然走向极端,他的凶残程度和拒捕强度都是最大化的,其行为的可控性也是最低的.

英语翻译0 - 离问题结束还有 14 天 21 小时 没有科学的证据证明死刑的威慑力比终身监禁大.他们以加拿大为例来说明自己的观点：加拿大1975年的杀人案件比率是平均每10万人有3.09人；1976年废
there are no scientific proof that the social infulence of capital punishment is greater than a lifetime sentence. take the example of canada, in 1975, murder cases are 3.09 in 100,000. capital punishment was abolished in 1976. in 1980, the murder rate reduced to 2.41 in 100,000; since then, the ocurrances of murder cases have been on steady decrease. in 1999, murder rate droped to 1.76 in 100,000. thus they concluded that capital punishment does not have the ultimate halt effect that it appears to hold. the fundation of this view lies in the altruistic nature of humanity. like a coin, man in nature are both selfish and altruistic.when the sacrifice of an individual's life could gain greater benefit for their representative group, race or man kind. in many cases, there can be concluded that there is a greater good above individual desires, other wise sacrifice or a heavy death could not become an theoretical argument.
even though this view of argument have a solid base of evidence, the means of existence of capital punishment should not be over looked because of this view. although the death sentence is not enough to stop or end all crime, but as an ultimate punishment, it levels itself with crimes such as murder and genocide. if the death sentence is aborted, then it is very likely that the governing body will fall short on the punishment of extreme crimes. and for the sake of the argument, if life sentence is the highest possible punishment for a murderer, then if the criminal attempt to kill guards or other prisioners, he will not be punished for it at all.
karl marx once said the most serious crimes happens after the death sentence. thus the influence of civil punishment are usually neutralised as the result of chancer psychology that arose from holes in the legal system. therefore, we cannot simply stress and become over-dependenct on heavy-eat? to maintain social order. chances are when a killer strikes, knowing that he will be sentenced to death, he'll either commit suicide or go on a killing spree, it is this kind of criminals that we need to be careful with. they are a hiden threat to social stability in capital punishment countries than in non-capital punishment countries. individuals tend to go to the extreme under the concious knowledge of :if i'm caught, i'm dead, resulting in maximisation on both the extent of resistence upon arrest and the intensity of murderous acts, reducing their controlability to minimum.
差不多这样吧