HowtoAvoidPrizeFraud作文

精选作文:HowtoAvoidPrizeFraud作文

    Thepicture shows a hand holdes a phone receiving a message that you’vewon a prize. A survey was conducted among 1000 cell phone users todiscover users’ responses to prize messages. Based on the graph, wemake a conclusion that the majority of the people would giveresponses to such prize messages. But what is the right reaction tothe message. 

   When you receive suchmessage, you have two choices.The one is to ignore it. For my pointof view, it’s the best choice. The another is to give responseswatchfully. There are several steps to recognize thefraud.

   First of all, you shouldclick into the relevanted website, observe it carefully and knowmore about what kind of the prize and the details. If it’s the lowfraud, you are able to find obverous mistakes on the web. Next,Baidu is a reliable helper so you can search the prize in Baidu totell it real or fraud. Many people have shared their experiences inBaidu. If you believe it’s real, you can go on. Then, try toremember to protect your privacy while entering sweepstakes.Alternatives to using your home phone number and the email address.If you are asked to send some money as deposite, you just say “NoWay”. In a word, you must be vigilant and not be greedy.

   Before you receive suchmessage, there are three things you can do. Firstly, you shouldraise your awareness of privacy and shouldn’t register and leaveyour message at will. Secondly, knowing more about such fraud caseswill be helpful. Thirdly, to be rational about the unexpected moneyis the best way to avoid the fraud.  

   If you are one of thevictims, you have responsibility to make more people realize it’s ascam as possible. Tell to your friends and spread the infornationon the Internet.

    Last but not least, bevigilant and not be greedy.

篇一：中石油职称英语2013版(60课全)

中石油职称英语2013版

说明：2010原有的40课不记得下载的谁整理的了。43、45、48、49、60等5课感谢lzshkjp

37、38、41课由石油人整理，一并感谢。

目录

1、TheValueofTime................................................................................................2

2、EnglishisaCrazy[a.疯狂的]Language英语是一门疯狂的语言........................................3

3．AllILearnedinKindergarten[n.幼儿园]幼儿园所学的??............................................4

4、Howtonegotiatewithamericans(需补充)................................................................6

5、NetworkSecurity...................................................................................................6

6、Carbon-basedAlternative[adj.非传统的,不同的]碳基替代燃料................................9

7、AutomaticAuto:ACarThatDrivesItself.................................................................10

8、ourFamilyCreed.................................................................................................14

9、Theartofpublic[adj.公共的；公开的]Speaking公共演讲的艺术.........................................15

10、Investingincleanenergy.................................................................................17

11.SmokingandCancer[n.癌症]吸烟和癌.......................................................................18

12ThePositiveMeaningsofLove................................................................................20

13DoesExerciseHaveUnexpectedBenefits..................................................................22

14.Takingchances[(chance):n.机会；可能性],Makingchances[(chance):n.机会；可能性]抓住机遇，制造机遇25

15.TheProvince[n.省]ofAlberta[n.亚伯达[加拿大西部之一省]]阿尔伯达省........................................27

16、TheAmericanWay:Family美国人的家庭观........................................................29

17,ComputersGiveBigBooststoProductivity计算机技术极大提高生产效率(新）......30

19.AWorldwithoutOil[n.油]假如世界没有石油...........................................................32

20、TheGermanic[a.德国的,条顿民族的,条顿语的]Languages日耳曼语系.......................................33

21.HowAmericansEatandDrink美国人的饮食.........................................................35

22.TheDelights[(delight):n.快乐vt.使快乐]ofSouthIsland南岛之乐...........................................37

23.ASandpiper[n.矶鹞]toBringYouJoy[n.欢乐；高兴；乐趣]矶鹞带来快乐..................................39

24.AnIntroduction[n.引进；介绍]toDistillation[n.蒸馏]蒸馏概述.............................................42

25.Hints[(hint):n.暗示,示意]toImprove[vt.改进；更新]SpokenEnglish提高英语口语须知................44

26.TheMoon-RiddlefromthePast月球-来自远古之谜................................................45

27.TheDelight[n.快乐vt.使快乐]ofBooks书之乐趣..............................................................47

28.TheMagic[adj.有魔力的]ofEnergy[n.精力；能量]能的魔力.....................................................49

29、HowtoReduceEmployeeTurnover......................................................................51

30、That"OtherWoman"

inMyLife我生命中的“另一个女人”.................................52

31.Geography[n.地理；地理学]ofUSA美国地理概况...........................................................54

32.TheOldManandtheSea(Excerpt[n.摘录])参考译文：老人与海(节选).......................56

33.Petroleum[n.石油]Geology[n.地质学;(某地)地质]andOtherSciences石油地质学与其它科学.....58

34.WhatDoParentsOwe[vt.欠(债等)]TheirChildren父母欠子女什么？..............................60

35、Trendsforthe21stCentury.................................................................................62

36.YouBet[v.打赌]YourLife以命相赌.............................................................................64

37.RadiationandHumanHealth.................................................................................66

38，ToBeContentwithOne'sLot乐天知命....................................错误！未定义书签。

39.IDidn'tKnowHowtoTeachUntilIMetYou直到遇到你我才知道怎么教学..............73

40.AnIntroduction[n.引进；介绍]toPetrochemicals[(petrochemical):a.石化的n.石化产品]石油化工产品概述75

41、TheSubjectofSmiling微笑问题.........................................................................78

42.A$210,000WALLET[n.(放钞票等的)皮夹子]1价值21万美元的钱包......................................83

43、What'sYourBestTimeofDay?何时是你一天中最佳的时间？...............................86

44.Fundamental[a.基本的,根本的]Techniques[(technique):n.技术；方法]inHandling[(handle):n.柄，把手]People处理人际关系的基本

技巧........................................................................................................................96

45，HappinessIndex幸福指数（新）.......................................................................99

46.BecomingWealthy[a.富的]:It'sUptoYou致富取决于你自己......................................107

47.Oil[n.油]（油）......................................................................................................110

48，OceanPlantLifeinDecline海洋植物数量锐减（新）..........................................113

51.NotQuiteReadytoRetire[v.退下;离开]1退休为时尚早.................................................128

52.Sales[(sale):n.卖；出售]Promotion[n.提升,晋级]产品促销.......................................................132

54.WhyToMark[vt.标明；作记号于]aBook怎样在书上做标记..............................................139

55.Earth'sLastFrontier[n.新领域,未知领域]:TheSea海洋，地球最后的待开发疆域.................142

56.WhyAntarctica[n.南极洲]IsBeingExplored[(explore):v.勘探;探究]为什么要勘探南极洲.............146

57.ListeningFaults[(fault):n.缺点；毛病]聆听的误区.............................................................151

58.YourAreWhatYouThink你认为自己是什么样的人，就是什么样的人..................155

59.TheAudacity[n.大胆,厚颜]ofHope有希望则无所畏惧..................................................160

60,FutureofEnergy能源的未来（新）....................................................................165

1、

TheValueofTime

RobertWilliamService

“Time”saystheproverb“ismoney.”Thismeansthateverymomentwell-spentmayputsomemoneyintoourpockets.Ifourtimeisusefullyemployed,itwilleitherturnoutsomeusefulandimportantpieceofworkwhichwillfetchitspriceinthemarket,oritwilladdtoourexperienceandincreaseourcapacitiessoastoenableustoearnmoneywhentheproperopportunitycomes.Therecanthusbenodoubtthattimeisconvertible(可转换的)intomoney.Letthosewhothinknothingofwastingtime,rememberthis;

letthemrememberthatanhourmisspentisequivalenttothelossofabank-note;

andthatanhourutilizedistantamount（与…等同）tosomuchsilverorgold;

andthentheywillprobablythinktwicebeforetheygivetheirconsenttothelossofanypartoftheirtime.

Moreover,ourlifeisnothingmorethanourtime.Tokilltimeisthereforeaformofsuicide.Weareshockedwhenwethinkofdeath,andwesparenopains,notrouble,andnoexpensetopreservelife.Butwearetoooftenindifferenttothelossofanhourorofaday,forgettingthatourlifeisthesumtotalofthedaysandofthehourswelive.Adayoranhourwastedisthereforesomuchlifeforfeited(没收，丧失).Letusbearthisinmind,andwasteoftimewillappeartousinthelightofacrimeasculpable（该责备的）assuicideitself.

Thereisathirdconsiderationwhichwillalsotendtowarnusagainstlossoftime.Ourlifeisabriefspanmeasuringsomesixtyorseventyyearsinall,butnearlyonehalfofthishastobespentinsleep;

someyearshavetobespentoverourmeals;

someoverdressingandundressing;

someinmakingjourneysonlandandvoyagesbysea;

someinmerry-making,eitheronourownaccountorforthesakeofothers;

someincelebratingreligiousandsocialfestivities;

someinwatchingoverthesick-bedsofournearestanddearestrelatives.Nowifalltheseyearsweretobedeductedfromthetermoverwhichourlifeextendsweshallfindaboutfifteenortwentyyearsatourdisposalforactivework.Whoeverremembersthiscanneverwillinglywasteasinglemomentofhislife.“Itisastonishing”saysLordChesterfield“thatanyonecansquander(浪费，挥霍)awayinabsoluteidlenessonesinglemomentofthatportionoftimewhichisallottedtousinthisworld.Knowthetruevalueoftime;

snatch,seize,andenjoyeverymomentofit!”

Alltimeisprecious;

butthetimeofourchildhoodandofouryouthismorepreciousthananyotherportionofourexistence.Forthosearetheperiodswhenalonewecanacquireknowledgeanddevelopourfacultiesandcapacities.Ifweallowthesemorninghoursoflifetoslipawayunutilized,weshallneverbeabletorecoup(补偿损失)theloss.Aswegrowolder,ourpowerofacquisitiongetsblunted,sothattheartorsciencewhichisnotacquiredinchildhoodoryouthwillneveracquiredatall.Justasmoneylaidoutatinterestdoublesandtreblesitselfintime,sotheprecioushoursofchildhoodandyouth,ifproperlyused,willyieldusincalculableadvantages.“Everymomentyoulose”saysLordChesterfield“issomuchcharacterandadvantagelost;

asontheotherhand,everymomentyounowemployusefullyissomuchtimewiselylaidoutatprodigious(巨大的，庞大的)interest.”

Aproperemploymentoftimeisofgreatbenefittousfromamoralpointofview.IdlenessisjustlysaidtotherustofthemindandanidlebrainissaidtobeSatan?sworkshop.Itismostlywhenyoudonotknowwhattodowithyourselfthatyoudosomethingillorwrong.Themindoftheidlerpreysuponitself.AsWattshassaid:

Inworksoflabourorofskill

Letmebebusytoo;

ForSatanfindssomemischiefstill

Foridlehandstodo.

2、EnglishisaCrazy[a.疯狂的]Language英语是一门疯狂的语言

1.Let'sfaceit-Englishisacrazy[a.疯狂的]language.Thereisnoeggineggplant[n.茄子]norham[n.inhamburger[n.汉堡包];

neitherapplenorpine[n.松树,松木]inpineapple[n.凤梨,波罗].Englishmuffins[(muffin):n.火腿]

松饼]weren'tinventedinEnglandnorFrenchfriesinFrance.Sweetmeats[(sweetmeat):n.糖果,甜食,蜜饯]arecandies[(candy):n.糖;巧克力]whilesweetbreads[(sweetbread):n.小牛,小羊的胰脏或胸腺],whicharen'tsweet,aremeat.

1.让我们接受现实吧--英语是一种疯狂的语言。茄子（eggplant[n.茄子]，字面意为鸡蛋植物）里并没

有鸡蛋，汉堡包（hamburger[n.汉堡包]，字面意为火腿夹饼）里也没有火腿。同样，菠萝（pineapple[n.凤梨,

里既没有松鼠也没有苹果。松饼（Englishmuffin[n.松饼]，字面意为英式松饼）波罗]，字面意为松树苹果）

并不是英国人发明的，而炸薯条（Frenchfries，字面意为法式油炸食品）也不是法国人的发明。“甜肉”（sweetmeat[n.糖果,甜食,蜜饯]）指的是蜜饯，而“甜面包”（sweetbread[n.小牛,小羊的胰脏或胸腺]）不是甜的，它指的

是牛杂碎。

2.WetakeEnglishforgranted[(grant):v.给予,恩赐;同意,允许,答应].Butifweexplore[v.勘探;探究]its

paradoxes[(paradox):n.自相矛盾的人或事物],wefindthatquicksand[n.流沙,流沙地,危险状态]canworkslowly,boxingrings

aresquareandaguinea[n.英国往昔的金币]pigisneitherfromGuinea[n.英国往昔的金币]norisitapig.And

whyitisthatwriters[(writer):n.作者,作家]writebutfingersdon'tfing,grocers[(grocer):n.食品商;杂货商]don'tgroceandhammersdon'tham[n.火腿]?Iftheplural[a.复数的n.复数]oftoothisteeth,whyisn'ttheplural[a.

Ifyouhaveonegoose[n.鹅；鹅肉],twogeese[goose(鹅,鹅肉)的复数],whynot复数的n.复数]ofbooth[n.小(房)间;公用电话亭]beeth?

onemoose[v.北美产的一种大鹿],twomeese,oroneindex[n.食指;索引;标志;指数v.把?编索引],twoindices[index的复数]?

2.我们理所当然地接受了英语的一切，但是如果我们分析一下英语中似是而非的情况，我们马上就会发现“快的沙子”（quicksand[n.流沙,流沙地,危险状态]，流沙，也指陷阱，困境）往往走得很慢，“拳击的圆圈”

（boxingrings，拳击场）是方的，“几内亚猪”（guinea[n.英国往昔的金币]pig，天竺鼠）既不是来自几内亚，

也不是猪。还有，既然名词作家（writers[(writer):n.作者,作家]）去掉词尾的rs就可以成为动词“写作(write）”，

那为什么名词“手指”（fingers）、杂货店（grocers[(grocer):n.食品商;杂货商]）、锤子（hammers）去掉rs就不

能成为各自相应的动词呢？如果牙齿的复数是teeth，那为什么售货亭的复数不是beeth？一只鹅我们用goose[n.鹅；鹅肉]，两只鹅用geese[goose(鹅,鹅肉)的复数]，那么，一只驼鹿用moose[v.北美产的一种大鹿]（单复数同形），

两只驼鹿就应该是meese了？为什么一条索引是index[n.食指;索引;标志;指数v.把?编索引]，两条索引却成了

indices[index的复数]？

3.Doesn'titseemcrazy[a.疯狂的]thatyoucanmakeamends[n.赔偿]butnotoneamend[vt.修正,改善,vi.改过自新],orthatyoucancomb[vt.梳(头发)]throughtheannals[n.编年史]ofhistorybutnotasingle[adj.单个的；单一的]annal[记录]?Ifyouhaveabunch[n.一束,一捆;一伙]ofodds[n.可能性;机会]andendsandgetrid[v.使摆脱]ofallbutoneofthem,whatdoyoucallit?

3.如果你赔偿时只能赔偿复数不能赔偿单数，这是不是很莫名其妙？你可以梳理历史的编年史，为什么却不能复习某一个单个的编年史？如果你有一堆麻烦，那么在你把其他的都解决了只剩下一个的时候该怎么说呢？

4.Ifteacherstaught,whydidn'tpreachers[(preacher):n.传道者,讲道者,牧师]praught?Ifavegetarian[n.素食者]eatsvegetables,whatdoesahumanitarian[n.人道主义者,慈善家]eat?

4.如果教师教学是taught，那为什么传教士不是praught？如果素食主义者（vegetarian[n.素食者]）吃蔬菜（vegetable），那人道主义者（humanitarian[n.人道主义者,慈善家]）吃什么？

5.SometimesIthinkalltheEnglishspeakers[(speaker):n.扬声器,喇叭]shouldbecommitted[(commit):v.做(不合法的、错的或愚蠢的事);犯]toanasylum[n.避难所,庇护所]fortheverbally[(verbal):adj.文字的,用文字的]insane[adj.蠢极的,荒唐的;精神错乱的,疯狂的].Inwhatotherlanguagedopeoplerecite[v.背诵,朗诵]ataplayandplayatarecital[n.演出;演奏

shipbytruckandsendcargo[n.船货,货物]byship;

havenosesthatrunandfeetthatsmell;

park会];

ondriveways[(driveway):n.(通往住宅的)车道]anddriveonparkways[(parkway):n.公园道路,驾车专用道路]?

5.有时候我觉得根据英国人说话时疯狂的用词可以将他们送进精神病院。哪一种语言人们可以在一出戏中朗诵，在朗诵中玩（分别指演戏和开独唱会）？用卡车运船，用船运货（分别只用卡车运输和用船运输）？鼻子可以跑而脚可以闻味道（分别指流鼻涕和脚有臭味）？车可以停在驾驶路上，而且在停车路上驾驶（driveway[n.(通往住宅的)车道]从字面上理解是驾驶路，parkway[n.公园道路,驾车专用道路]从字面上理解是

停车路）。

6.Howcanaslim[adj.苗条的]chance[n.机会；可能性]andafatchance[n.机会；可能性]bethesame,whileawise[adj.

andwise[adj.有见识的，聪明的]guy[n.amanoraboy]areopposites,andquitealotandquiteafew有见识的，聪明的]man

arealike[adj.相同地]?Howcantheweatherbehotashell[n.地狱]onedayandcoldashell[n.地狱]another?

6.为什么一个苗条的机会（slim[adj.苗条的]chance[n.机会；可能性]，指没机会）和一个肥胖的机会（fatchant[n.

man，聪明人）和一圣歌,赞美诗v.吟唱,诵扬]，也指没机会）意思是一样的，而一个聪明的人（wise[adj.有见识的，聪明的]

个聪明的家伙（wise[adj.有见识的，聪明的]guy[n.amanoraboy]，自作聪明的人）却意思相反？为什么相当多（quite

alot）和相当少（quiteafew）意思一样?（实际上quitealot和quiteafew都是相当多的意思。）为什么天气可以热的像地狱也可以冷得像地狱？（ashell[n.地狱]字面意思像地狱一样，指非常）

7.Youhavetomarvel[v.惊叹]attheunique[adj.独特的,独一无二的]lunacy[n.疯狂,愚行]ofalanguageinwhichyour

housecanburnupasitburnsdown,inwhichyoufillinaformbyfillingitoutandinwhichanalarm[n.警报]clockgoesoffbygoingon.

7.你不得不对这种精神病一样的语言表示惊奇，在这种语言中，你的房子在被烧下去（burndown，意为烧为平地）的同时又被烧上去（burnup，意为烧起来，烧掉）。你用填出来（fillout，意为填写）的方法填进去（fillin,意思也是填写）一个表格。闹钟在走（goon）的时候响（gooff）了。

8.Englishwasinventedbypeople,notcomputers,anditreflects[(reflect):v.反映]thecreativity[n.创造力]ofthehuman[n.&a.人(的)，人类(的)]race.Thatiswhy,whenthestarsareout,theyarevisible[a.明显的,看得见的],butwhenthelightsareout,theyareinvisible[adj.看不见的].Andwhy,whenIwindupmy

watch,Istartit,butwhenIwindupthisessay[n.论说文],Iendit?

8.英语是人而不是机器创造出来的语言，它反映了人类的创造性。这也是为什么当星星出来的时候，我们是看得见的，当阳光出来（out）的时候是看不见的。同理，我“处理”我的手表之后，它就开始（走）了；而我“处理”完这篇文章后，它却结束了。

3．AllILearnedinKindergarten[n.幼儿园]幼儿园所学的??

1．MostofwhatIreallyneedtoknowabouthowtoliveandwhattodoandhowtobe,Ilearnedinkindergarten[n.幼儿园].Wisdom[n.智慧]wasnotatthetopofthegraduate[n.毕业生vi.大学毕业]mountain．butthereinthesandpile[n.沙堆]atnursery[n.托儿所]school．

1．大部分在生活中真正需要的，包括怎样生活，该做些什么，又该怎样去做，这些都是我在幼儿园时学会的。智慧不在研究生院的山巅之上，而在幼儿园的沙堆里。

really=真的、真正地；live=活着、生活；kindergarten[n.幼儿园]=幼儿园；wisdom[n.智慧]=智慧；graduate[n.毕业生vi.大学毕业]=研究生、研究院；mountain=山；atthetopof=在顶部；sandpile[n.沙堆]=沙堆；

nursery[n.托儿所]=苗圃；nursery[n.托儿所]schoo=幼儿园

2．ThesearethethingsIlearned：Share[vt.分享；共同使用]everything.Playfair．Don’thitpeople．Putthingsbackwhereyoufoundthem.Cleanupyourownmess[n.凌乱状态;混乱的局面v.弄脏,弄糟]．Don’ttakethingsthataren’tyours．Sayyou’resorrywhenyouhurtsomebody.Washyourhandsbeforeyoueat.Warmcookies[(cookie):n.曲奇饼]andcoldmilkaregoodforyou．Liveabalanced[(balance):vt./n.平衡]life．Learnsomeandthinksomeanddrawandpaintandsinganddanceandplayandworkeveryday[adj.每日的，日常的]some．

2.以下就是我从幼儿园中学到的。分享所有的东西：行为光明磊落；不要攻击别人；东西要放回原处；自己弄脏的地方自己收拾好；不要拿走不属于自己的东西；如果你伤害了别人就得道歉；饭前洗手；热的甜点和凉的牛奶对身体有益；生活要有张有弛，学点东西、想点问题、写写画画、唱唱跳跳，休息和工作，每样事天天都要干一点。

Theseare=这些；Share[vt.分享；共同使用]=共享、分分享；fair=公平的；hit=打击、击中；Put=放置；whereyoufoundthem=你发现他们的地方；Cleanup=清理；Clean=清洁的；ownmess[n.凌乱状态;混乱的局面v.弄脏,弄糟]=自己的烂摊子；mess[n.凌乱状态;混乱的局面v.弄脏,弄糟]=混乱；hurt=伤害；wash=洗；before=以前、之前；warm=热乎的、温暖；cookies[(cookie):n.曲奇饼]=饼干；

goodforyou=对你有好处；balanced[(balance):vt./n.平衡]=平衡的；draw=绘制、画；paint=涂抹、写；dance=舞蹈；

some=一些；

3．Takeanap[n.小睡]everyafternoon．Whenyougooutintotheworld，watchfortraffic．Holdhandsandsticktogether.Beaware[a.知道的,意识到的]ofwonder[vt.想知道]．Rememberthelittleseedintheplastic[n.&adj.塑料(的)]cup?Theroots[(root):n.根；根源；起源]godownandtheplantgoesupandnobodyreallyknowshoworwhy．butwearealllikethat.

3.每天下午小睡一会儿。当大家外出时，注意交通安全，记得手挽手，彼此互相扶持。多多注意那些生活的奇迹。你一定还记得那个塑料杯里的小小的种子吧，它不断地往下扎根，枝叶不断地向空中伸展。没有人真正知道它在怎样生长，也不知道是为了什么。但有一点很明白，我们也像他们一样地长大。

Takeanap[n.小睡]=午睡；nap[n.小睡]=午睡、打盹；goout=出门；intotheworld=走向世界；traffic=交通；

Together=一起；hold=把;

stick=粘；Beaware[a.知道的,意识到的]=注意；wonder[vt.想知道]=奇迹；Remember=记住；

seed=种子；little=小的；seed=种子；Remember=记得；plastic[n.&adj.塑料(的)]=塑料；roots[(root):n.根；根源；起源]=根；

godown=向下；plant=植物；goesup=上升、生长；like=像

4．Goldfish[n.金鱼]andhamsters[(hamster):n.东欧或亚洲产的大颊的鼠类]andwhitemiceandeventhelittleseedintheplastic[n.&adj.塑料(的)]cup--theyalldie.Sodowe.

4．看着金鱼、仓鼠以及小白鼠甚至是花盆中小小的一颗种子，最后他们的生命部将消亡。我们明白自己同样也不能避免。

goldfish[n.金鱼]=金鱼；hamsters[(hamster):n.东欧或亚洲产的大颊的鼠类]=仓鼠；mice=小白鼠；

5．AndthenrememberthebookaboutDickandJaneandthefirstwordyoulearned，thebiggestwordofall：Look．Everythingyouneedtoknowisintheresomewhere[ad.在某处]．TheGolden[a.金(黄)色的]Rule[n.规则；规定]andloveandbasic[adj.基本的]sanitation[n.卫生].Ecology[n.生态]andpolitics[n.政治]andsane[adj.清醒的,明智的]living.

5．同时还记得《迪克与珍妮》的书，以及从书中学到的

篇二：howtoavoidprizeandsweepstakemessages

Accordingtoasurveythatwasconductedamong1000cellphoneuserstodiscoverusers’responsetoprizemessages,69.5%ofthemwhoreceivedsuchprizemessageshavegivenresponsetothesemessages.Andtheresultsfullydisclosethatincreasingnumberofcellphoneusersareexposedtotheprizemessagesandsomeofthemwereswindledoutofmuchmoney.Therefore,cellphoneusersshoulddosthtopreventthesetragedies.Frommypointofview,notnolyshouldphoneusersstrengthentheirawarenessconcerningprizeandsweepstakemessagesbutalsoshouldtheytakesomepragmaticmeasures.

Asfarasphoneusers’awarenessconcerned,onetheonehand,theyshouldstrengthentheirawarenessofselfinformationprotection.NomatterwhatkindofmessagesiftheyaskyouforyourindividualinformationsuchasyourIDnumber,yourbirthdayyourcreditcardnumberevenpasswordandsoon,youshouldbecautiousandtakesomemeasurestoproveittobetrueornot.Forexample,Mr.zhangreceivedprizemessagefromVoiceofChinaofzhejiangTV,whichsaidthatMr.zhanghadbeenchosenastheluckyonetowinabigprizeof8800yuanandanApplelaptop.Buttogettheseawards,Mr.zhangneedtotypeinhisname,IDnumber,phonenumber,creditcardnumber.MrzhangdoubtedaboutthatandcalledZhejiangTVandfoundthatZhejiangTVdidnotsendsuchmessagesatall.Ontheotherhand,cellphoneusersshouldalsobecautiousabouttemptationandshouldnotkeepmindoffluke.AsthesayinggoesthatThereisnosuchthingasafreelunchintheworld.Howcouldthishappenthatabigprizefallonyouwhileyouhaven’tdoneanything?Somelow-educatedpeoplesuchastheoldandmiddle-agedwomenareextremelyvulnerrabletothesettempatationsandfrauds.Severaldaysago,whenamotherofquadrupletscalledwudanli,whocomesfromtianxinvillageinguangzhou,wasdischargedfromhospitalwithherthreesurvivingbabies,shereceivedamessagethatshewaseligiblefora12500yuanfinancialsubsidy.Becauseoftakingchances,shefollowedtheinstructionsofthemessage,sendingouthercreditcardandIDnumber,andfinallyfoundthather50000yuandisappeared.

Inaddition,somepragmaticmeasuresshouldbetaken.Ontheonehand,toavoidtheseillegalmessages,youdownloadsomesoftwarestoprotectyourcellphonefromthesemessagessuchas360securityguard,tecentphonehousekeeperwhocanservetointerceptanyillegalmessagesandcalls.Ontheotherhand,ifyoureceivesomeillegalmessages,youcanchoosetoignorethemorreportthemtothepolice。

Fromwhathasbeenillustratedabove,throughstrengtheningrelavantawarenessandtakingsomeeffectivemeasure,anycellphoneusercanprotecthimselforherselffromprizeandsweepstakemessages.

篇三：financialfraud

WhatIsFinancialFraud?

Financialfraudisasituationinwhichthelegalandethicalmanagementoffinancialresourcesdoesnottakeplace.Inmostcountriesaroundtheworld,thistypeoffraudoccursduetodeliberatedecisionsandactionsmadebypeoplewhohandlemoneyandotherassetsonbehalfofemployersorclients.However,thereareafewplacesaroundtheworldwheretheunintentionalmishandlingoffundsisalsoclassifiedasfraudandissubjecttothesamelegalcensureasanydeliberateaction.

Inmostcases,thefraudulenthandlingoffinancialresourceswillleadtosubstantiallossesforaninvestororacorporation.Thefinanciallossissometimescarefullyhiddenintheaccountingrecordsthatareusedtotrackactivityinvolvingtheresources,allowingittocontinueuntilagreatdealofmoneyandotherassetsaresiphonedoffandnolongerinthecontroloftheowner.Businessfraudofthistypemaybeconductedbyanycompanyofficeroremployeewhohasaccesstocorporateresources,andmaycontinueforanextendedlengthoftimebeforebecomingapparent.

Thereareseveraldifferentwaysthatfinancialfraudcantakeplace.Themostcommonapproachistomisappropriatefundsorotherresources.Forexample,submittinganexpensereportcontaininglineitemsforlegitimateexpensesthatnevertookplacecouldbeconsideredfraudulentactivity.Inlikemanner,inventorytheftorthedeliberatepaddingofpayrolldisbursementswouldalsobeconsideredunethicalandusuallyillegalactivity.

Falsifyingfinancialstatementsandrecordswouldalsobeconsideredanexampleoffinancialfraud.Knowninsomecountriesas“cookingthebooks,”theAccountsReceivablesandPayablesaredeliberatelyalteredtohidethefactthatfundstakeninbythecompanyaredivertedforthepersonaluseofsomeoneinvolvedintheaccountingprocess.Insomecases,twosetsofaccountingrecordsmaybemaintained.Onesetisatrueandaccurateaccounting,whiletheotheristhealteredaccountingthatcanbeusedtodivertsuspicionofillegalactivitywhenandasnecessary.

Financialfraudalsotakesplacewhenbribesorkickbacksareacceptedinordertomanipulateabusinessdecision.Insituationswhereanemployeeisfoundtobe

involvedwithacompetitor,aconflictofinterestusuallyexistsandcouldinvolvethesaleofproprietaryinformationforpersonalgain.Withbothsituations,thereceptionofmonetarygainsbytheindividualarelikelytohurtthecompanyfinanciallyandresultinalossthatwouldnothaveoccurredotherwise.

Dependingonthenatureofthefinancialfraud,acorporationmaychoosetopursuetorecoverthelostassets,orhandlethesituationinternally.Thecourseofactionoftendependsontheamountofthefraud,andhowmuchdamagethecompanybelieveswouldbedonetoconsumer’sconfidenceinthecompanyifthefraudweremadepublic.Insomecases,theemployeeguiltyofthefraudmaybeofferedtheopportunitytomakepartialrestitutionandfromhisorherposition,andthematterisconsideredclosed.Atothertimes,thecompanymaychoosetoprosecutethefraudusinganyandallmeansprovidedbycurrentlaws.

TypesofFinancialFraud

1.Misappropriationofincomeorassets–Aperpetrator,oftenafamilymemberor

caregiver,obtainsaccesstoSocialSecuritychecks,pensionpayments,checkingorsavingsaccount,creditcardorATM,orwithholdsportionsofcheckscashedforthevictim.

2.Fictitiousrelative–Theperpetratorcallsthevictimpretendingtobearelativein

distressandinneedofcashandasksthatmoneybetransferredeitherintoafinancialinstitutionaccountorwired.

3.Identitytheft–Usingoneormorepiecesofthevictim’spersonalidentifying

information(including,butnotlimitedto,name,address,driver’slicense,dateofbirth,SocialSecuritynumber,accountinformation,accountlogincredentials,orfamilyidentifiers),aperpetratorestablishesortakesoveracredit,deposit,orotherfinancialaccount(“account”)inthevictim’sname.

4.Financialinstitutionemployeefraud–Theperpetratorcallsthevictimpretendingtobeasecurityofficerfromthevictim’sfinancialinstitution.Theperpetratoradvisesthevictimthatthereisasystemproblemorinternalinvestigationbeingconducted.ThevictimisaskedtoprovidehisorherSocialSecuritynumberfor“verificationpurposes”beforetheconversationcontinues.Thenumberisthenusedforidentitytheftorotherillegalactivity.

5.Financialinstitutionexaminerfraud–Thevictimbelievesthatheorsheisassistingauthoritiestogainevidenceleadingtotheapprehensionofafinancialinstitutionemployeeorexaminerthatiscommittingacrime.Thevictimisaskedtoprovidecashtobaitthecrookedemployee.Thecashisthenseizedasevidencebythe“authorities”tobereturnedtothevictimafterthecase.

10TipsonHowtoAvoidFinancialFraud

Toavoidbeingscammed,consumersandinvestorsshouldkeepthefollowingpointsinmind:

1.Everydealisapotentialscam:Recognizethatfraudisanactofdeceitbyonepartyintendedtoinduceanothertopartwithsomethingofvalue.

2.Mapoutyourgoalsbeforeshoppingorinvesting:There’sadifferencebetween“buying”and“beingsold.”

3.Avoidmixingbusinesswithpleasure:AccordingtotheNationalInstituteofJustice,theattempttodefraudismoresuccessfulifapersonknowsorknowsoftheoffender.

4.Don’tgetgreedy:Remaincalmanddispassionate.

5.Besuspiciousof“insideinformation,”“hottips”and“one-timeoffers”:WhyyouinsteadofTom-Dick-and-Harry?

6.Educateyourself:Bewareofgettingallyourinformationfromtheseller.

7.Double-checkallfacts:Acheatdoesn’twanthimselforhisdealscrutinized.

8.Don’twiltwhentheheatisturnedup:Ittakesasecurepersontosay“no”topressureandmanipulation.

9.Rememberthatapromiseisonlyasgoodasthepersonbehindit.

10.Scamscopythesamemethodsusedinlegitimatebusinessdealings—spottingthedifferenceisdifficult.

Consumersandinvestorsdon’tstartoutassuckers.Theystartoutlookingforwealth,health,securityorthelike,butsomewhereintheirquestforhappiness,victimsletgreedandself-esteemcloudtheirjudgment.Bykeepingthesetipsinmind,peoplecanavoidmakingcertainbadfinancialdecisionsandcanavoidbecomingvictims.

篇四：2011年12月英语四级真题及答案

2011年12月英语四级真题

PartⅠWriting(30minutes)

注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上．

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledNothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillbycommentingonthehumoroussaying,"Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I'vedoneithundredsoftimes."

Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

WhyIntegrityMatters

WhatisIntegrity?

Thekeytointegrityisconsistency--notonlysettinghighpersonalstandardsforoneself(honesty,responsibility,respectforothers,fairness)butalsolivinguptothosestandardseachday.Onewhohasintegrityisboundbyandfollowsmoralandethicalstandardsevenwhenmakinglife'shardchoices,choiceswhichmaybecloudedbystress,pressuretosucceed,ortemptation.Whathappensifwelie,cheat,steal,orviolateotherethicalstandards?Wefeeldisappointedinourselvesandashamed.Butalapseofintegrityalsoaffectsourrelationshipswithothers.Trustisessentialinanyimportantrelationship,whetherpersonalorprofessional.Whocantrustsomeonewhoisdishonestorunfair?Thus,integritymustbeoneofourmostimportantgoals.RiskyBusiness

Weareeachresponsibleforourowndecisions,evenifthedecision-makingprocesshasbeenunderminedbystressorpeerpressure.Therealtestofcharacteriswhetherwecanlearnfromourmistake,byunderstandingwhyweactedaswedid,andthenexploringwaystoavoidsimilarproblemsinthefuture.

Makingethicaldecisionsisacriticalpartofavoidingfutureproblems.Wemustlearntorecognizerisks,becauseifwecan'tseetheriskswe'retaking,wecan'tmakeresponsiblechoices.Toidentifyrisks,weneedtoknowtherulesandbeawareofthefacts.Forexample,onewhodoesn'tknowtherulesaboutplagiarismmayaccidentallyusewordsorideaswithoutgivingpropercredit,oronewhofailstokeepcarefulresearchnotesmayunintentionallyfailtoquoteandcitesourcesasrequired.Butthefactthatsuchaviolationis"unintentional"

doesnotexcusethemisconduct.Ignoranceisnotadefense.

"ButEverybodyDoesIt"

Mostpeoplewhogetintroubledoknowtherulesandfacts,butmanagetofoolthemselvesabouttherisksthey'retakingbyusingexcuses:"Everyoneelsedoesit,"

"I'mnothurtinganyone,"

or"Ireallyneedthisgrade."

Excusescangetveryelaborate:"IknowI'mlookingatanother'sexam,eventhoughI'msupposedtokeepmyeyesonmyownpaper,butthat'snotcheatingbecauseI'mjustcheckingmyanswers,notcopying."

Wemustbehonestaboutouractions,andavoidexcuses.Ifwefoolourselvesintobelievingwe'renotdoinganythingwrong,wecan'tseetherealchoicewe'remaking--andthatleadstobaddecisions.

Toavoidfoolingyourself,watchoutforexcusesandtrythistest:Askhowyouwouldfeelifyouractionswerepublic,andanyonecouldbewatchingoveryourshoulder.Wouldyoufeelproudorashamedofyouractions?Ifyou'dratherhideyouractions,that'sagoodindicationthatyou'retakingariskandrationalizingittoyourself.

EvaluatingRisks

Todecidewhetherariskisworthtaking,youmustexaminetheconsequences,inthefutureaswellasrightnow,negativeaswellaspositive,andtoothersaswellastoyourself.Thosewhotakeriskstheylaterregretusuallyfocusonimmediatebenefits("what'sinitforme"),andsimplyhaven'tconsideredwhatmightgowrong.Theconsequencesofgettingcaughtareserious,andmayincludea"0"

onatestorassignment;

an"F"

intheclass;

suspensionordismissalfromschool;

transcriptnotation;

andatarnishedreputation.Infact,whenyoubreakaruleorlaw,youlosecontroloveryourlife,andgiveothersthepowertoimposepunishment:youhavenocontroloverwhatthatpunishmentmightbe.Thisisanextremelyprecariousandvulnerableposition.Theremaybesomemattersoflifeanddeath,orhighestprinciple,whichmightjustifysucharisk,buttherearen'tmanythingsthatfallinthiscategory.

GettingAwayWithIt--OrNot

Thosewhodon'tgetcaughtpayanevenhigherprice.Acheaterdoesn'tlearnfromthetest,deprivinghim/herselfofaneducation.Cheatingunderminesconfidenceandindependence:thecheaterisafraud,andknowsthatwithoutdishonesty,he/shewouldhavefailed.Cheatingdestroysself-esteemandintegrity,leavingthecheaterashamed,guilty,andafraidofgettingcaught.Worstofall,acheaterwhodoesn'tgetcaughtthefirsttimeusuallycheatsagain,notonlybecausehe/sheisfartherbehind,butalsobecauseitseems"easier."

Thisslipperyslopeoferodingethicsandbiggerrisksleadsonlytodisaster.Eventually,thecheatergetscaught,andthelaterhe/shegetscaught,theworsetheconsequences.Studentshavebeendismissedfromschoolbecausetheydidn'tgetthissimplemessage:HonestyistheONLYpolicythatworks.

CheatingHurtsOthers,Too

Cheatersoftenfeelinvisible,asiftheiractions"don'tcount"

anddon'treallyhurtanyone.Butindividualchoiceshaveaprofoundcumulativeeffect.Cheatingcanspreadlikeadisease,andacheatercanencourageothersjustbybeingseenfromacrosstheroom.Recentstatisticssuggest30%ormoreofcollegestudentscheat.Ifaclassisgradedonacurve,cheatinghurtsothers'

grades.Evenifthereisnocurve,cheating"poisons"

theclassroom,andothersmayfeelpressuredtojoinin.("IfIdon'tcheat,Ican'tcompetewiththosewhodo.")Cheatingalsohasadestructiveimpactonteachers.Therealrewardofgoodteachingisseeingstudentslearn,but⑧.acheatersays,"I'mnotinterestedinwhatyou'retryingtoteach;

allIcareaboutisstealingagrade,regardlessoftheeffectonothers."

Theendresultisablatantanddestructiveattackonthequalityofyoureducation.Finally,cheatingcanhurtthereputationoftheUniversity,andharmthosewhoworkedhardfortheirdegree.

WhyIntegrityMatters

Ifcheatingbecomesthenorm,thenweareinbigtrouble.⑨.Wemustrelyonthehonestyandgoodfaithofotherseveryday.Ifnot,wecouldn'tputmoneyinthebank,buyfood,clothing,ormedicinefromothers,driveacrossabridge,getonaplane,gotothedentist--thelistisendless.Therearemanyexamplesofthevastharmthatiscausedwhenindividualsforgetorignoretheeffecttheirdishonestycanhave.Thesavingsandloanscandal,thestockmarketandjunkbondswindles,and,ofcourse,⑩.Watergate,haveunderminedthefaithofmanyAmericansintheintegrityofpoliticalandeconomicleadersandsocietyasawhole.Suchincidentstakeatremendoustollonournation'seconomyandourindividualwell-being.Forexample,butforthesavingsandloandebacle,theremightbefundsavailabletoreducethenationaldebtandpayforeducation.

Insum,weallhaveacommonstakeinourschool,ourcommunity,andoursociety.Ouractionsdomatter.Itisessentialthatweactwithintegrityinordertobuildthekindofworldinwhichwewanttolive.

1.Apersonofintegritynotonlysetshighmoralandethicalstandardsbutalso_______。

A)stickstothemintheirdailylifeB)makesthemknowntoothers

C)understandstheirtruevaluesD)seesthatothersalsofollowthem

2.Whatroledoesintegrityplayinpersonalandprofessionalrelationships?

A)IthelpstocreateteamspiritB)Itfacilitatescommunication

C)ItisthebasisofmutualtrustD)Itinspiresmutualrespect

3.Whymustwelearntoidentifytheriskswearegoingtotake?

A.ToensurewemakeresponsiblechoicesB.Toavoidbeingoverwhelmedbystress

C.sothatwedon?tbreakanyrulesD.sothatwedon?trunintotrouble

4.Violationofaruleismisconductevenif_______

A.ithascausednoharmB.itisclaimedtobeunintentional

C.ithasgoneunnoticedD.itiscommittedwithgoodintentions

5.Whatshouldonedoifhedoesn?twishtofoolhimself?

A.AvoidmakingexcusesB.Listentootherpeople?sadvice

C.MakehisintensionspublicD.Haveotherswatchoverhisshoulder

6.Thosewhotakeriskstheyregretlateron_______。

A.willoftenbecomemorecautiousB.areusuallyveryaggressive

C.valueimmediatebenefitsmostD.mayloseeverythingintheend

7.Accordingtotheauthor,acheaterwhodoesn?tgetcaughtrightawaywill_______

A.paymoredearlyB.becomemoreconfident

C.bewidelyadmiredD.feelsomewhatlucky

8.Cheatersatexamdon?tcareabouttheireducation,alltheycareaboutishowto_______

9.Integritymattersinthatallsocialactivitiesrelyonpeople?s_________________________

10.ManyAmericanslostfaithintheintegrityoftheirpoliticalleadersasaresultof_______

PartIIIListeningComprehension

SectionA

11.A.ReadthenoticeonthewindowB.Getanewbusschedule

C.GoandaskthestaffD.BoardthebustoCleveland

12.A.Hewaslookingforwardtoseeingthegiraffes.

B.Heenjoyedwatchingtheanimalperformance.

C.HegothometoolatetoseetheTVspecial

D.HefellasleepinthemiddleoftheTVprogram.

13.A.Shewantstotakethemostdirectway.

B.Shemaybelateforthefootballgame.

C.Sheisworriedaboutmissingherflight.

D.Sheiscurrentlycaughtinatrafficjam.

14.A.AtarestaurantB.InafishshopC.AtaclinicD.Onafishingboat

15.A.Heisanexperiencedsalesmanager.

B.Heisbeinginterviewedforajob.

C.Heisaclosefriendofthewoman.

D.Heisgoodatansweringtrickyquestions.

16.A.Themanshouldconsiderhisprivacyfirst.

B.Themanwillchoosealow-rentapartment.

C.Themanisnotcertainifhecanfindaquieterplace

D.Themanisunlikelytomoveoutofthedormitory.

17.A.Thewomanisgoingtomakehertopicmorefocused.

B.Themanandwomanareworkingonajointproject.

C.Oneshouldchooseabroadtopicforaresearchpaper.

D.Ittoolalotoftimetogetthemanontherighttrack.

18.A.Theywentcampingthistimelastyear.

B.Theydidn?tquiteenjoytheirlastpicnic.

C.Theylearnedtocooperateunderharshconditions.

D.Theyweren?texperiencedinorganizingpicnics.

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.A.HelikesSwedenbetterthanEngland.

B.Heprefershotweathertocoldweather.

C.HeisanEnglishmanlivinginSweden.

D.HevisitsLondonnearlyeverywinter.

20.A.ThebadweatherB.ThegloomywinterC.ThecoldhousesD.Thelongnight

21.A.DelightfulB.PainfulC.DepressingD.Refreshing

22.A.TheyoftenstayuplatereadingB.Theyworkhardandplayhard

C.TheyliketogocampinginsummerD.Theytrytoearnmoreandspendmore

Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

23.A.EnglishLiteratureB.ManagementC.FrenchD.PublicAdministration

24.A.EnglishteachingB.Stafftraining

C.CareersguidanceD.Psychologicalcounseling

25.A.ItsgenerousscholarshipsB.Itsworldwidefame

C.Itswell-designedcoursesD.Itspleasantenvironment

SectionB

PassageOne

26.A.CharacteristicsofJapaneseartistsB.SomefeaturesofJapaneseculture

C.TheartofJapanesebrushpaintingD.TheuniquenessofJapaneseart

27.A.TocalmthemselvesdownB.Toenhanceconcentration

C.ToshowtheirimpatienceD.Tosignallackofinterest

28.A.Howlistenersindifferentculturesshowrespect

B.Howspeakerscanwinapprovalfromtheaudience

C.Howspeakerscanmisunderstandtheaudience

D.HowdifferentWesternandEasternartformsare

PassageTwo

29.A.DirectingpersonnelevaluationB.Buyingandmaintainingequipment

C.Drawingupplansforin-servicetrainingD.Interviewingandrecruitingemployees

30.A.Someofhisequipmentwasdamagedinafire

B.Thetrainingprogramheranwasafailure

C.TwoofhisworkerswereinjuredatworkD.Twoofhisemployeescommittedtheft

31.A.AbetterrelationshipwithhisbossB.Advancementtoahigherposition

C.Abetter-payingjobinanothercompanyD.Improvementinthecompany?smanagement

32.A.Shehasmoreself-confidencethanChris

B.SheworkswithChrisinthesamedivision

C.ShehasmoremanagementexperiencethanChris

D.SheiscompetingwithChrisforthenewjob

PassageThree

33.A.Theyhelpusseetheimportantvaluesofaculture

B.Theyguideusinhandlinghumanrelationships

C.Theyhelpusexpressourselvesmoreeffectively

D.Theyareaninfinitesourceofhumanknowledge

34.A.TheirwordingmaybecomedifferentB.Thevaluestheyreflectmaychange

C.TheiroriginscannolongerbetracedD.Theymaybemisinterpretedoccasionally

35.A.Certainvaluesaresharedbyalargenumberofcultures

B.Someproverbsareassumingmoreandmoreimportance

C.Oldproverbsareconstantlyreplacedbynewones

D.Certainvalueshavealwaysbeencentraltoaculture

SectionC

Dictation

Ourlivesarewoventogether.AsmuchasIenjoymyown36________.InolongerimagineIcangetthrougha37________day,muchlessallmylife,38________onmyown.EvenifIamon39________inthemountains,Iameatingfoodsomeoneelsehasgrown,livinginahousesomeelsehasbuilt,wearingclothessomeoneelsehas40________fromclothwovenbyothers,using41________someoneelseisdistributingtomyhouse.42________ofinterdependenceiseverywhere.Weareonthis43________together.

AsIwasgrowingup,44______________________________________________________.“Makeyourownway”,“standonyourowntwofeet”,ormymother?sfavoriteremarkwhenIwasface-to-facewithconsequencesofsomeaction:“Nowthatyou?vemadeyourbed,lieonit!”Totalindependenceisadominantthemeinourculture,Iimaginethat45________________________________________________________.Buttheteachingwasshapedbyourculturalimages,andinsteadIgrewupbelievingthatIwassupposedtobetotally“independent”andconsequentlybecameveryreluctanttoaskforhelp.

46________________________________________________________________________.

PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)

SectionA

Withtheworld?spopulationestimatedtogrowfromsixtoninebillionby2050,researchers,businessesandgovernmentsarealreadydealingwiththeimpactthisincreasewillhaveoneverythingfromfoodandwatertoinfrastructureanjobs.Underlyingallthis47________willbethedemandforenergy,whichisexpectedtodoubleoverthenext40years.

Findingtheresourcestomeetthisdemandina48________,sustainablewayisthecornerstoneofournation?senergysecurity,andwillbeoneofthemajor49________ofthe21stcentury.Alternativeformsofenergy---bio-fuels,windandsolar,tonameafew---are