2016专四小作文
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篇一:2016专四专八考试变化
程瑞勇,济南大学外国语学院讲师,主讲课程为精读、泛读、语音等;主讲教材为《现代大学英语精读》;2013年、2014 年获校“本科教学贡献奖”。研究兴趣和方向为多媒体制作、英汉翻译实践。专业四八级题型调整,有的学生担忧,有的学生高兴,更多的学生一头雾水,弄不清题型到底发生了哪些变化。笔者前天在学院教管办领到英语专业四、八级(TEM-4/8)的样卷和总则(各题型的测试要求、测试形式和选材原则),然后与往年试题详细对比,有以下发现和体会:一、总体调整
1. “听写”从15分钟减为10分钟,分值相应少了5分;
2. 取消“新闻听力”,增加“听写填空”,占10分;
3. “语法词汇”从15分钟减为10分钟,题量由30题减为20题,但分值从15分增加到20分;
4.“完形填空”从15分钟减为10分钟,题量由20题减为10题——提供15个单词,选出10个;
5. “阅读理解”仍然四篇,但增加5道“简答题”,所以考试时间从原来的25分钟,增加到35分钟,但分值仍然是20分;
6. “写作”时间仍是45分钟,取消“小作文”,只写一篇200词左右的文章,分值从15分增加到20分;
7. 考试总时间从135分钟减为130分钟。题型改革后,有些“解析”认为专四考试难度提升。果真如此吗?笔者认为,未必,或者恰恰相反,难度降低了,考试也更人性化了。请看笔者详细解读:
二、详细解读1. Dictation(听写)10分:
听写最能考察学生的基本功,该题型得以保留。但文章的长度减少了三分之一,即从原来的150词左右(注:2005年听写文章The Wrist Watch 共计158词,2009年听写文章New Year's Eve 共计147词)减为90词左右。 这其实就是降低了难度,减轻了学生的心里压力。因为很多同学害怕听写,历年来该题型的得分率也往往最低。得分低的题型减少题量和分值比重,的确是个好消息!
另外一个小细节,以往听写最后磁带上留出2分钟的时间让学生检查,现在减为1分钟了。所以请大家争取一次写好写工整!即便是给你2分钟,也来不及重新抄写一遍。
2.Listening Comprehension(听力理解)20分Section A Talk(讲座)10分:
新增题型Gap-filling(填空)。
不用怕——想一想取消了枯燥难懂的五六条News Broadcast(新闻),就欣慰了;
不用怕——一是你提前可以看到填空的文稿概要,这就等于看着文字听声音,难度降低了一多半;
不用怕——二是讲座笔记极短(直接印在答题卡上),只有大约五六十词,没有完整句子,多是并列的短语。而且给你30秒的时间提前看文稿(人性化): You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.(声音暂停30秒)如果再加上读前面指令的时间(In this section, you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. While listening… 啰里啰嗦六行一大段指令,充分利用这宝贵的一分钟左右的时间,熟悉填空文稿,做超前预测。熟悉文稿的基础上,听写填空就变成了等关键词(答案),随听随写,有的空就只需填一个数字而已;
不用怕——三是答案可以不唯一,只要语法语义上正确即可(grammatically and semantically acceptable)。比如样卷中的一道题有三个答案:optional// in labs// computer rooms,另一题两个答案:Dorm
regulations/rules。万一你不会拼写regulation,rule总该会吧。
还有个福利:听完后,有两分钟时间填写。
(注:每个空不超过3个词。该题型仿照专八,但难度较低。讲座虽长,但只听你所需的关键信息,以样题为例,讲座的开头是长达6行的开场白,没有涉及任何答案)
Section B Conversations(会话)10分:
两段长对话,每段约500词,试题册上只有选项,去掉了问题(与大学英语四六级CET-4/6形式一样)。 去掉了问题似乎不利,但有失有得。以往听完对话或短文,虽然可以看到问题,但是预留的时间非常短,每个问题只有5秒。即如果跟着3个问题,一共给你15秒,跟着4个问题,一共20秒。现在呢,每个问题之后10秒钟。福兮祸兮?3.Language Knowledge
(语言知识)20分:过去叫GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY(语法词汇)。值得注意的是,题量减了10题,
但分值增加了5分。分值竟然与阅读理(转载于:www.Zw2.cN 爱 作 文 网)解相等。打打算盘,你只需短短10分钟,就可以得到苦战阅读理解35分钟的分值。哪个分易得?哪怕放弃一篇阅读,或从阅读中借用5分钟补给语言知识也非常划算。 题目中约50%是词汇、词组和短语用法题,其余为语法和句法题。样题中竟然有5道题是找同义词: His fertile mind keeps turning out new ideas.
The underlined part means ____. (跟着四个单词选项)这也是个导向……4. Cloze
(完形填空)10分完形填空的历年得分率不高。如今时间、题量都减少,是个好事。而且每个题不再提供四个选项,改成文章前提供15个单词,选出10个符合文意的词。每词只选一次,不需任何词性变化。5. Reading Comprehension
(阅读理解) 20分最大的变化是增加了“简答题”(Short Answer Questions),可能会给某些学生带来恐慌。别忘了,该题的时间也增加了10分钟。而且,“简答题”的5个问题,仍然是依据前面读过的4篇文章,没有额外增加阅读负担。可以说,以前是25分钟对付4篇文章,现在是35分钟对付4篇文章。哪个更紧迫,不言自明。
两个任务,一是读完文章做10个选择题(10分),二是做5个简答题(10分)。两相比较,后者显得更重要,得分更容易。答案简短(不超10词),大多能从文中找到原词。6. Writing(写作)20分大作文终于把小作文排挤掉了!干得漂亮!(?.(*′▽`*)?.)而且提高了身价(增5分)和待遇(独享45分钟)~ 考生可以一心一意答题,不用再为Note-writing分心。从此以后,考生过上了幸福的生活…… 且慢!大作文多了两段阅读材料(正方观点,反方观点),需考生在作文的第一段进行简要总结,然后再亮出自己的观点。这看似增加了负担,其实是提供了机会——为考生提供了大量的相关词汇和话题,作文的二三段还可反复用到;而且写完一段总结,20分就算是拿到至少5分了。
所以,真的没必要悲观。机会还是负担,看你怎么看:A pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity; an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty. (悲观者在每个机会中看到的是困难;乐观者在每个困难中看得到是机会。)最后,笔者乐观地预言:明年的专四通过率能提高五个百分点!Let’s wait and see. 专八题型改革解读请移步下篇查看^_^(以上为作者个人经验,仅供大家参考。图片取自网络,仅供分享使用。)专八(TEM-8)的考试时间,从195分钟减为155分钟,缩短40分钟。这是最该令考生喜大普奔的好消息!那么,时间(缩短40分钟)都去哪儿了?我们逐个题型来看,变化与解读同时进行:
一、Listening Comprehension【25分钟,比原来节省10分钟】
Section A Mini-lecture(小讲座)15分
先说变化:设置的题目由10个变成15个(讲座的长度未必增加)。
再说福利:提前发答题卡,看着文稿听。且和四级一样,提前给30秒预读时间。盼星星盼月亮,终于盼来这个福利,再不用偷偷摸摸提前发卷( ?乛?乛? )了。提前发卷,难度减半,偷着乐吧。
听完后留3分钟整理答案。以往是漫长的10分钟。15个空,3分钟足矣。懂就是懂,听不懂给20分钟也没用。
Section B Conversation or Interview(会话)10分
本部分由一个约1000词的会话或两个约500词的会话组成,跟着10道选择题。卷面只有选项,去掉了问题,每题暂停10秒,用于答题。
对策:提前看选项。根据选项预测会话内容。充分利用提前发卷、读本部分考试指令的时间,甚至前面“小讲座”剩余的一两分钟时间,提前看10道题的所有选项。这样利于听的时候抓住重点信息。
Section C 新!闻!听!力!取!消!
二、Reading Comprehension 30分【45分钟,增加15分钟】
与四级同,增加了“简答题”(Short Answer Questions)。题目共8个,16分,每题2分。
阅读理解4篇,14个问题,每题一分。保证速度和准确度。
好处与四级一样,时间宽裕了。以前是30分钟对付4篇文章,现在是45分钟对付4篇文章。 (详见前文四级解读)
三、Language Usage 10分【15分钟】
短文改错一篇。没玩什么新把戏。此不赘言。
四、Translation 15分【25分钟】
翻译一段约150词的段落,与大学英语四六级中的翻译长短和题材几乎一样。
在题型改革前,汉译英、英译汉各一段,时间长达60分钟( ⊙ o ⊙ )!而如今英译汉隐退了^_^
五、Writing 20分【45分钟】
读所给材料,写一篇300词的文章。没错,原来是写400词,现在300词!而且提供了材料,好处与前文四级解读相同,难度降低,不服不行。
最后,说一说不幸被精简掉的General Knowledge(常识题)。有的同学庆幸(面太广不好复习),有的学生觉得遗憾(很多题目就是送分的常识)。
常识题(文化题)去哪去了?它悄悄地融进了其它题目里面。无论是小讲座、会话、阅读、翻译、甚至写作,都可以围绕人文知识展开。语言学、词汇学、文学,天文地理融汇一炉,人文知识与技能训练互为一体。哪里是考试范围?大道无形。
结语:无论专四还是专八,考察的就是基本功。而基本功,是不能投机取巧、短期速成的,所以还是请大家注重平时的积累。同时,专四专八考试,也是一场心理战!请一定要充满信心,敢于亮剑! (以上为作者个人经验,仅供大家参考。图片取自网络,仅供分享使用。)
篇二:2016年专四备考详细计划
2016年专四备考详细计划
--- 2016年新题型专四备考时间表
专四备考应提早动手,充裕的复习时间总会带来不错的分数。以下为2016年专四备考详细计划,希望考生们参考借鉴认真复习。
根据惯例及预测,16年改革后专八考试时间为:16年3月13日(周六),专四考试时间为:16年4月16日(周六)。正常情况下,各校都会安排英语专业及相关可以参考TEM考试的同学在十一月及十二月进行报名,请各位务必关注校内教务通知。 由于每年寒假前后总是考试最扎堆节日最热闹的时刻,各种纷扰之下,专四专八备考最容易不了了之。按我们的培训经验,通过吃些大一大二的老本来通过专四考试,可能性有,不过,裸考过专八,难度略大,再加上很多人对
尽快启动备考,才是2016新题型改革完全没底,王道。
另外,以我的经验,求职过程中,最好用,能够最快速打动更多中国HR面试官的英文能力认证,就是专八。
第一阶段:基础备考(11月至12月中旬)
1、全面了解考试
专四听力变为三种(听写dictation,微讲话minitalk填空gapfilling和会话conversation选择),语言知识language knowledge选择题,cloze完型填空,阅读理解(含选择题和简答题),写作。其中专四听写听四遍,专四首度出现mini演讲……先明白考什么比什么都重要。
比较四六级考试和专四考试特点,合理运用和掌握相关技巧。
2. 了解自己,有针对性的制定备考计划。
至少规范地做2套以上的题目,最好是真题(今年情况特殊,有了新大纲。。。但是往届真题仍然有最高的参照价值,当然最好是按照新考纲改编的真题)。找出薄弱环节,制定相应计划。
3、背词
词汇重要性不必多言,考生可以考虑购进专门针对TEM的词汇书开始热身或进行循环式词汇复习。考研雅思托福等词汇和专四专八词汇确实有重叠性,能力处于中上或者同步备考上述考试的同学一本词汇书足矣。8000词。在词汇这个方面,特别提示一些题目: 完型及语法词汇:可以直接开始学习专四真题中完型(现在变成选词填空)及语词题目的选项。专四过去考此类题目50道,选项200个,重考率高,搞清楚这些词汇辨析对来年考试很有作用。另外,梳理一下真题中所有涉及的英文语法名称类短语,这是固定考点。 阅读: 专八词汇则有赖于漫长的本科时代的积累。专八词汇最大的挑战来自于阅读部分生词太多。所有关于专八阅读(包括专四阅读)的困难,比如速度慢,基本都源于生词、一词多义及熟词僻意的情况,对于这个问题,唯一的方案就是:背词一直背到考场。
4、部分专项提前动手
专四听写:
专四听写虽然由15句瘦身至10句,依然建议提前训练。全文听写考察熟练度,只有坚持规律训练,才可以达到考试要求的美、快、准的标准,也只有练得更多,才可能发现并排除单词拼写盲区(手感)。这段时间,既可以使用些四级听力中的短文来听写,也可以使用专
四听力中的短文来听写。专门听写的题目可以放在稍后时段再做。我大学时代备考前,老师带着听写过的文章大约30篇,我也建议30篇听写练习成为练习数量的底线。听写是非常好的英语学习手段!!
专四talk(专八MINI-LECTURE):
迷你演讲需要考生一定的速记能力,这段时间需要开始训练听记,开始形成自己的一些符号体系。可以使用真题中迷你演讲的原文(记住,不做其对应题目),按照“放音-速记-看笔记口语复述”的循环形式,提升对历年演讲原文的手感和语感。几乎可以肯定。但凡十年M-L真题原文速记滚瓜烂熟者,分数一定不差。
专四与专八阅读与写作:
专四党可以先拿六级阅读做泛读材料,扩展词汇量并提升阅读速度;专八党可以用英语专业的各类泛读精读读物或课本来练手,考研真题也可以。由于新版专四和专八都强调了summary的能力,最好可以对此有针对性的训练。
新题型预测备考
专四:12月中旬至3月底
这个阶段几乎决定了稍后的考试成绩。
经常锻炼连续做题的能力很重要。另外,为了一次通关,梳理掌握各个科目的做题技巧必不可少。所以,选择性购进一些解释较为全面且进行改版的参考书是必须的。
专四:
这个阶段对专四考生来说,时间相对充裕。备考时一定将题目做细致一些。例如全文听写题目可以多做几轮,并确认分数和美观度一次比一次高;语法词汇题目在重新做的时候没有任
何错误,阅读的全文都可以进行较为通顺的翻译,做完至少十篇新版专四模拟作文题(因为旧版的形式已经退出历史舞台)相对而言,四月份已是开学后学习状态回归正常的时间了,有了时间保证,专四考生通过考试的几率也会因此比专八考生高。总之,各科目的技巧梳理,是本环节重点。
第三阶段:冲刺备考4月初)
这个环节中,第一、继续完成上个阶段未完成的2016新题型预测,或者反刍那些做过的题目;第二、熟悉流程比什么都重要。以专八为例,听力单收一次卷纸,稍后选择题再收一次,然后翻译收一次,然后写作收一次…搞来搞去,考生不要昏头。体验真实的考场环境和监考流程,对稍后考试很有好处。
最后,过来人,多说几句:
第一, 专四和六级题型结构差别巨大,无可比性。但是从证书/成绩单认可度而言,六级完胜专四(你可以说最直接原因就是六比四强);所以,考专四的,为了避免以后殒命专八,建议你同步备考四六级;
第二, 我觉得考专四的最直接目的就是为了可以考专八,拿出专八合格证的一刹那,六级成绩单就被秒成渣了(是的,八比六强),目前,并无确认消息说,专四不过不能考专八,所以,继续努力,有机会;
第三, 至少我觉得,专八也许事关能力高低,但专四仅仅事关有否努力;
篇三:2016年专四英语阅读练习(含答案)
(一) People have been painting pictures for at least30,000 years. The earliest pictures were painted bypeople who hunted animals. They used to paintpictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill.Pictures of this kind have been found on the walls ofcaves in France and Spain. No one knows why theywere painted there. Perhaps the painters thoughtthat their pictures would help them to catch theseanimals. Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell stories in pictures. About 5,000 years ago, the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use picturesas kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also torepresent the sounds of their language. The signs these people used became a kind ofalphabet.The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picture writingand pictures together. When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life werepainted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Some of these pictures arelike modern comic strip stories. It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip.But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way ofwriting simple. The ordinary people could not understand it. By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea haddeveloped a simpler system of writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and therewere fewer of them than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter,represented only one sound in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formedthe letters of the Greek alphabet. The Romans copied the idea, and the Roman alphabet isnow used all over the world. These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But westill need pictures of all kinds: drawing, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find themeverywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the walls of the places where welive and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they canmake a story much more interesting.? 1. Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because ?___ ___?.?
A. the hunters wanted to see the pictures?
B. the painters were animal lovers?
C. the painters wanted to show imagination?
D. the pictures were thought to be helpful?
2. The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following reasonsEXCEPT that ?______.
A. the former was easy to write?
B. there were fewer signs in the former?
C. the former was easy to pronounce?
D. each sign stood for only one sound?
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE??
A. The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet.?
B. The Egyptians liked to write comic?strip stories.?
C. The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian one.?
D. The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians.?
4. In the last paragraph, the author thinks that pictures ?______?.?
A. should be made comprehensible?
B. should be made interesting?
C. are of much use in our life?
D. have disappeared from our life
参考答案:
1. D) 根据文章第一段第五行
“Perhaps the paintersthought that their pictures would help them to catchthese animals.”可知古代人以为在墙上画画会对他们有所帮助,故选项D为正确答案。?
2. C) 在做此类题时要注意题干的要求。通过阅读文章第四段很清楚就知道选项C “前者容易发音”在文中没有提及,故为正确答案。?
3. A) 可用排除法来做本题。通过阅读文章很清楚选项B和D为错误陈述。
选项C “罗马字母是从埃及字母发展而来的”根据文章第四段第四,五句可知为错误论述,因此只有选项A为正确答案。
4. C) 文章最后一段讲述了图画在今天的用途,故选项C为正确答案。 (二)
As the merchant class expanded in the eighteenth?century North American Colonies, the silversmithand the coppersmith businesses rose to serve it.Only a few silversmiths were available in New Yorkor Boston in the late seventeenth century, but in theeighteenth century they could be found in all majorcolonial cities. No other colonial artisans rivaled thesilversmiths’ prestige. They handled the mostexpensive materials and possessed direct connections to prosperous colonial merchants. Theirproducts, primarily silver plates and bowls, reflected their exalted status and testified to theircustomers’ prominence. Silver stood as one of the surest ways to store wealth at a time beforeneighborhood banks existed. Unlike the silver coins from which they were made, silver articleswere readily identifiable. Often formed to individual specifications, they always carried thesilversmith’s distinctive markings and consequently could be traced and retrieved.Customers generally secure the silver for the silver object they ordered. They saved coins, tookthem to smiths, and discussed the type of pieces they desired. Silversmiths complied with theserequests by melting the money in a small furnace, adding a bit of copper to form a strongeralloy, and casting the alloy in rectangular blocks. They hammered these ingots to theappropriate thickness by hand, shaped them and pressed designs into them for adornment.Engraving was also done by hand. In addition to plates and bowls, some customers soughtmore intricate products, such as silver teapots. These were made by shaping or casting partsseparately and then soldering them together. Colonial coppersmithing also come of age in theearly eighteenth century and prospered in northern cities. Copper’s ability to conduct heatefficiently and to resist corrosion contributed to its attractiveness. But because it wasexpensive in colonial America, coppersmiths were never very numerous. Virtually all copperworked by Smiths was imported as sheets or obtained by recycling old copper goods. Copperwas used for practical items, but it was not admired for its beauty. Coppersmiths employed it tofashion pots and kettles for the home. They shaped it in much the same manner a
s silver ormelted it in a foundry with lead or tin. They also mixed it with zinc to make brass for maritimeand scientific instruments.?
1.According to the passage, which of the following eighteenth century developments had strongimpact on silversmiths? ?
A. A decrease in the cost of silver. ?
B. The invention of heat efficient furnaces. ?
C. The growing economic prosperity of colonial merchants. ?
D. The development of new tools used to shape silver. ?
2.In colonial America, where did silversmiths usually obtain the material to make silver articles? ?
A. From their own mines. ?
B. From importers. ?
C. From other silversmiths. ?
D. From customers.
3.The passage mentions all of the following as uses for copper in Colonial America EXCEPT ?______?.?
A. cooking pots ?
B. scientific instruments ?
C. musical instruments ?
D. maritime instruments
4.According to the passage, silversmiths and coppersmiths in colonial America were similar inwhich of the following ways? ?
A. The amount of social prestige they had.?
B. The way they shaped the they worked with. ?
C. The cost of the goods they made. ?
D. The practicality of the goods they made.
参考答案:
1. C) 根据文章第一句
“As the merchant classexpanded in the eighteenth?century North AmericanColonies,...”可知,随着在十八世纪的北美殖民地商人阶级膨胀起来,也就是说那时的商人财富有了很大的发展,银匠铜匠们有机会发挥他们的专长了,这与选项C正好相符。?
2. D) 根据文章第十四、五行
“Customers generallysecures …object they ordered. They saved coins, took them to smiths, and...”可知顾客要做银器,首先要积攒银币,然后拿到银匠处加工成他们想要的形状。选项D“来自客户”与之相符。 3. C) 文章末尾在提到铜的用途时惟独没有提到乐器。?
4. B) 根据文章倒数第四行“They shaped it in much the same manner as silver or melted it in afoundry with lead or tin.”可知银匠和铜匠在银器和铜器的塑型方式上是一样的,故选项B为正确答案。
(三)
? Nature's Gigantic Snow Plough
On January 10,
1962, an enormous piece of glacierbroke away and tumbled down the side of amountain in Peru. A mere seven minutes later, whencascading ice finally came to a stop ten miles downthe mountain, it had taken the lives of 4,000 people.
This disaster is one of the most“devastating”examples of a very common event: an avalanche of snow or ice. Because it isextremely cold at very high altitudes, snow rarely melts. It just keeps piling up higher andhigher. Glaciers are eventually created when the weight of the snow is so great that the lowerlayers are pressed into solid ice. But most avalanches occur long before this happens. As snowaccumulates on a steep slope, it reaches a critical point at which the slightest vibration willsend it sliding into the valley below.
Even an avalanche of light power can be dangerous, but the Peruvian catastrophe wasparticularly terrible because it was caused by a heavy layer of ice. It is estimated that the icethat broke off weighed three million tons. As it crashed down the steep mountainside like agigantic snow plough, it swept up tr
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