大学英语写作技巧与实战
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篇一:大学英语写作技巧
综合运用篇
Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....
随着社会的不断发展,出现了越来越多的问题,其中之一便是____________。
As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.
然而,对于此类问题,人们持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)
As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....随着社会的发展,人们开始关注............
People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting
求职的过程中,人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。
As to whether it is worthwhile ....., there is a long-running
controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.
关于是否值得___________的问题,一直以来争论不休。当然,不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。
In the process of modern urban development, we often find
ourselves in a dilemma.
在都市的发展中,我们往往会陷入困境。
Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....
最近,这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注,有人开始担心
______________。
The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.
人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段,经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快,随之给我们带来了很多问题。
...... plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the
biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a blessing or a curse?"
_______显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题,这是无可厚非的。不过,问题是:"我们该如何抉择?"
Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges,现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。
展现问题篇
问题的常用词:question, problem, issue
Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into public focus.近来,_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。
Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people's attitude towards some traditional practice.
现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代,很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。
Recently the issue of whether or not ... has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.
近来,是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。
The issue whether it is good or not to .... has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.
______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。
At present, some people think ....while others claim ...Both sides have their merits.
目前,一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实,两种观点都其可取之处。
People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.
对于这种极具争议的话题,我们很难作出绝对的回答。
People from different backgrounds would put different
interpretations on the same case.
不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.
这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。
When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...
说到______,有人认为________,而另一些人则认为__________。Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.俗话说,""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.对于这个问题,不同的人持不同的观点。
There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that...
万事万物都有其两面性,所以,勿庸置疑,____________。When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but other people regard ...as ....
提到_________问题,很多人认为_________,不过,一些人则认为______是____.
When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., but other people think as...
提到_________问题,仅少数人认为________,但另一些人则认为_________。
篇二:大学英语作文写作技巧指导
大学英语作文写作技巧指导
安保良2010.6
谈起大学英语作文,很多同学都感到茫然。棘手程度大有“下笔一句话,捻断数根须”的感觉。其实大学英语作文不外乎就是用200字左右的英文简要的阐述一个观点、描述一个现象或是记叙一件事情等等。可以说如果是换成中文来写,估计连很多小学生都能写得的心应手,但改成了用英文来写,可就难倒了芸芸众生啊。
那么问题何在呢,就我自己多年来的学习和教学经验看来,主要存在以下三个方面的原因:
第一 英语基础知识太差,简称根基不牢。
第二 英语应用能力太差,简称实战不足。
第三 英语思维能力太差,简称语感不强。
以上三个方面详细说来,主要包括以下内容:
A.根基不牢主要体现在:
1.语法知识太差:写作完全不注意句子、句式、结构、时态、数的变化。
2.词汇量太少: 通篇的单词错误,或是只能用初级浅显的词汇重复的表达。
3.表达积累不够:单调的重复一种表达,口水话连篇,或是句子生硬无活力。
B.实战不足主要体现在:
1.不能很好的审题:对写作要求把握不切题,甚至直接写偏题。
2.不知道如何着手:拿到话题半天下不了笔,不知道如何开头。特别是遇到陌生话题或体裁的文章更是一头雾水,找不着北。
C.语感不强主要体现在:
1.表达不够精炼:所写的句子大都是中国式英语,把汉英两种语言的表达习惯混为
一谈。
2.逻辑不够清晰:文章层次不明、混乱不堪,想一句写一句。句子和句子之间、段落和段落之间缺乏连贯性。
3.写作速度缓慢:用英文组织篇章的能力较差,半天写不出一句话,大有抓破头皮抠一句话之势。
总结来说,根据以上分析的问题所在,大致可以做出以下对策:
1. 提高基础知识:
a. 买本简易的语法讲解书,细致的分析各种语法现象,把自己弄不懂的单独勾画出来,通过查资料和请教老师等手段一直到弄懂为止。
b. 准备一本四级词汇书,并分析历年的三、四级考试题型中出现的常用词汇和表达,坚持记忆和听写。并注意分析词汇规律,找到最合适的记忆方法。
c. 把历年的四级写作范文反复的诵读,并
且背诵10篇左右自己喜欢的文章,积累各种句式和表达。
2. 提高实战运用能力:
a. 每拿到一篇文章都需要仔细阅读题干要求,确定所写的体裁是议论文、记叙文或是应用文等。并且对所给的outline部分一定要仔细阅读,并融入到自己的写作当中。
b. 总结历次的写作规律,积累大量的经典句型和表达习惯。能很快的结合题干做好开篇首段的引入。要求平时在练习写作的时候,快速组织语言,并在大脑中储存大量首段的起始型表达句式。同时要尽可能多的接触各种题材的文章,多积累些素材,以扫除知识储备的空白。如果遇到自己没见过的题材或是话题,也不必惊慌。三、四级作文大都有固定的套路,要冷静审题,并在脑子里或是草稿本上理出写作思路,然后结合自己的知识储备逐步逐步的展开,文章依然
水到渠成。
3. 提高思维能力
a. 学会摘录名篇名句,用大量经典和优美的表达为自己的文章润色。不管是词汇、短语还是句子都要力求精准、地道。平时要学会背诵和模仿,反复的诵读课文或是课外读物上的一些地道语的表达,以逐步摆脱汉语式的表达习惯。
b. 学会用英语来思考问题和描述问题,这就要求平
时进行大量的口语练习和写作练习,不管是随机的还是计划好的,要做到随时提及到一个问题,马上要用英文快速的做出反应,强制自己的大脑用英语快速思维,扫除语言障碍。如果出现了障碍就马上停下来,分析障碍出现的原因,解决后马上重复练习,直到能脱口而出,信手拈来。c. 平时练习写作的时候要给自己限定时间,三级作文30分钟100字左右,四级作文30分钟150字左右。平时可以限定
篇三:大学英语写作技巧整理版
Part One: Manuscript Form
1. 大写:第一个和最后一个单词和其他的单词(包括带连字符的合成词)。冠词、并列连词(and, or, but, nor, for),介词,不定式to除外。 标点:可用问号。引用或文章标题要加引号。书名加下划线。
:每段第一行缩进4到5个字母的距离。
2. a. 当成句子用的句子成分后也要加句号。
b. 专有名词的大写:President Brown, the Middle Ages, Marxist, Darwinism, Hegelian, Confucian, Latinize, Vietnamize
3. 原则:按音节分,不要把连字符放在开头。
a. 不能分单音节词。如:through, march, brain,pushed.
b. 一行的末尾或开头不能出现一个字母。如:a lone, trick y.
c. 不能把两个字母的音节放在开头。如:hat ed, cab in.
d. 避免划分专有人名或地名。如:Chi na, Aus ten
e. 带连字符的词只在连字符处划分。
f. 不要误导读者。如:pea cock, re ally.
g. 带词缀时在词缀处划分。
h. 换页时不要划分。
i. 带双辅音时在双辅音处划分。如:strug gle, shat ter.
Part Two: Diction
1. From a stylistic point of view: 很多包含三或三个以上的音节 通常只有一或两个音节
非常不正式,文化低的人通常使用。
2. ①denotative meaning (dictionary)& connotative meaning(feeling or idea suggested by it ) a.
country: an area of land and its population and government
nation:the people of a country
state: the government or political organization of a country
land: less precise but more literary and emotive than country
b.
large: slightly more formal, unusually big, more emphatic
c. small: objective little: a feeling of fondness
d.
②different collocations:
③不要和中文混用
3. professionals & scientists, doctors, teachers
scientists & physicists, chemists
chemists & biochemists
house & mansion, villa, chateau, cottage, bungalow, cabin, hut, shack, shanty, shed, barn laugh & smile, grin, beam, giggle, titter, snigger, chuckle, guffaw, chortle
写作时尽量用specific words
用specific word时要展示出具体细节:
P14:students do many interesting things after class.
4. 不正式或口语化的用于对话;俚语式的应谨慎使用:
all balled up: troubled or confused; cough up: produce sth.
许多陈词滥调式的也要少用。
5. a colorful garden: literal sense
a colorful life/career: figurative sense
①simile
②metaphor
不一定都在动词be后,不一定都是名词。
There were a few lordly poplars before the house. (tall, straight and stately, like ancient
aristocrats)
He often prefaced his remarks by “I can’t help thinking…”
③personification
④metonymy(转喻): crown stands for king; white house and American government; bottle and wine/alcohol; bar and legal profession.
⑤synecdoche(借代)
⑥euphemism: mad: emotionally disturbed, dustman: sanitation worker, lavatory: bathroom/ men/women’s room
⑦irony
⑧overstatement and understatement
She is dying to know what job has been assigned her.
I’m the luckiest man in the world.
It took a few dollars to build this indoor swimming poor.
⑨transferred epithet: is one that is shifted from the noun it logically modifies to a word associated with that noun.
Sleepless nights, quiet laziness, respectful distance, unthinking moment, reassuring hand. ⑩oxymoron(矛盾修饰法)
The coach had to be cruel to be kind to his trainees.
A victorious defeat, conspicuously absent, a tearful smile
?alliteration
Part Three
The Sentence 语法上讲,完整的句子之至少包含一个主语和一个谓语动词:如果动词及物。必须要有宾语;如果动词是系动词,必须要有标语或状语。
英语写作中用逗号取代句号,分号,冒号或破折号叫做:comma fault.
小说里,两个意义相近的句子偶尔会用句号连接(突出主要信息);说明文里必须用句号。 ①按功能:陈述(declarative),疑问(interrogative),祈使(imperative),感叹(exclamatory) ②按结构:简单(simple),复合(complex)并列(compound)并列复合(compound-complex) 简单句:只有一个主语和一个谓语动词,可含多个宾语,定语,状语。 并列句:包含两个或两个以上意义上相近的句子,由连接词(and, but, or等)或者分号连接。 简单句用来强调或表达重要信息。复合句能清晰准确的表达复杂信息。 ③按修辞:分散句(loose)圆周句(periodic)平衡句(balanced)
分散句:主要信息放在补充信息前面。让读者刚开始读便知道主要信息是什么。(信息同等重要,陈述有序自然)
圆周句:最后表达主要信息,到最后整个句子语法才算完整。(渐进顺序,最后一个词最重要,许多词语在前面堆砌,到最后达到高潮)
平衡句:句子包含两个结构相似,但意义相反的平行句。(用于正式写作中。如说明文,演讲等) ④短句和长句
短句强调,长句精确表达复杂信息(修饰词多)。短句适合陈述重要事实、信息,长句解释观点、理论,或细致描述物体。
在法律、政治和理论写作中常用长句。小说中描写人、事或场景的也常用长句。 ① unity:expresses a single complete thought. 不包含无关联的句子,不表达不独立的信息。 × Born in a small town in southern China in the early 1950s, he grew up to be a famous musician. (两个句子无关联)
正确见课本。
×Du Fu was one of the greatest poets. (信息不完整)
② coherence:两个成分之间清晰合理的关联 错误的平行结构:we have great faith and high hopes for her. 指代不明:he was knocked down by a bicycle, but it was not serous. 垂悬结构:to be frank, generally speaking, judging by, speaking of不属于 修饰词错置:the idea he mentioned at first sounded good. 人称、数、语气等的变化:an important thing for the student to remember is that when writing a paper, you should not plagiarize.
③ conciseness
句子可用词组或单词替代;两个句子可以合并。
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