tips to how to avoid cultural misunderstandings大学作文

tips to how to avoid cultural misunderstandings大学作文
tips to how to avoid cultural misunderstandings
大学作文

tips to how to avoid cultural misunderstandings大学作文
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Tips to How to Avoid Cultural Misunderstandings
Many cultures--including Japanese,go to great lengths not to be direct.The risk of disharmony with other group members is too great to be outspoken.Its better to agree to somebodys face and negotiate with them afterwards than to blatantly disagree.In our opening scenario,the Japanese supplier appeared to say yes,but continued to negotiate a price,days after the supposed agreement.
Direct communicators like Americans in general,consider this indirectness deceptive,two-faced and lacking in integrity.What do you think?
Goals of Communication:
The goals of communication vary across culture and languages.In the US,speech is often used to demonstrate eloquence,power or lack thereof.The presidential debates are good examples of this.So too are the expressions "For the sake of argument" or "I'll play the devils advocate and..."
But in many Asian cultures,the goals of communication is to achieve consensus of opinion and to promote group harmony."Yes" can mean "no," "maybe," or even "we've got to think a little more about this and we don't want to fall out with you."
Styles of Communication:
So how do you know when yes really means no?Simply listen to the silent messages and read the invisible words.
US culture,with its long tradition of rhetoric,values verbal messages greatly.Other cultures are more sensitive to non-verbal means of communication,such as:
Body posture
Hand gestures
Facial expressions
Eye contact
How close people stand to each other
Avoid misunderstandings in communicating across cultures:
1.Be conscious of body language and non-verbal messages:
What message is communicated in the smiles,frowns,head movements or silence?
2.Watch eye contact:
Reserve judgment on the correct amount of eye-contact.Some cultures encourage plenty,others frown upon it.You may have to adjust the amount of eye contact according to the status of the person you're talking to.
3.Listen without interrupting:
Americans are often considered too talkative.People from other cultures may interpret many interruptions as disrespectful.
4.Summarize what you hear often:
Keeping in mind point #3,clarify what you think you have heard,rephrasing as simply as possible.
5.Speak slowly,enunciate and avoid idioms:
Only 5% of the worlds population speak English as a first language.You may be doing business with a person who speaks fluent English but who has difficulty understanding your accent,the idioms,jargon or slang you use.Remember,the simpler the English,the better.