catch sight of被动语态怎么用如果要用这个词组被动语态,能表达：“这种现象,我们可以经常看到”这个意思吗?怎么表达?

catch sight of被动语态怎么用如果要用这个词组被动语态,能表达：“这种现象,我们可以经常看到”这个意思吗?怎么表达?
catch sight of被动语态怎么用
如果要用这个词组被动语态,能表达：“这种现象,我们可以经常看到”这个意思吗?怎么表达?

catch sight of被动语态怎么用如果要用这个词组被动语态,能表达：“这种现象,我们可以经常看到”这个意思吗?怎么表达?
被动语态的定义
语态是表示主语和动词之间的主动关系或被动关系的动词形式.英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的施动者,被动语态表示主语是动作的受动者.
例如：
He answers the questions in public. （主动语态）
他公开地回答了问题.
The questions were answered in public. （被动语态）
问题被公开答复了.
被动语态的谓语结构形式
英语的及物动词一般都有主动语态和被动语态两种形式.被动语态通常是由助动词be和-ed分词构成的.
如：
ask – be asked
cook – be cooked
make – be made
give – be given
被动语态的时态构成（以make为例）
一般现在时 am/ is/ are made
一般过去时 was/ were made
一般将来时 will/ shall made
现在进行时 am/ is/ are being made
过去进行时 was/ were being made
过去将来时: would be+made
现在完成时 has/ have been made
过去完成时 had been made
被动语态和情态助动词的结合
can – can be made/ can have been made
may – may be made/ may have been made
must – must be made/ must have been made
need – need be made/ need have been made
被动语态和半助动词的结合
have to – have to be made
had better – had better be made
happen to – happen to be made
seem to – seem to be made
is likely to – is likely to be made
短语动词的被动语态
英语中有一种动词是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的,统称为“短语动词”.有些短语动词在意义上相当于一个及物动词,从而也有主动语态和被动语态两种形式.
例如：
bring up教育 be brought up
call off取消 be called off
come by得到 be come by
give up放弃 be given up
hold up延迟 be held up
leave out略去 be left out
look into调查 be looked into
make up编造 be made up
put off推迟 be put off
ring up打电话给 be rung up
send for 召唤 be sent for
turn down拒绝 be turned down
do away with废除 be done away with
look down on轻视 be looked down on
look forward to期待 be looked forward to
put up with容忍 be put up with
make a mess of搞乱 be made a mess of
转换规则（1）
大多数“主语－动词－宾语”的主动句都可转换为被动句,转换规则如下：
将原来主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语,将原来的主动语态的动词形式变为被动语态的动词形式.
例如：
This factory produces machine tools. 这家工厂生产车床.
>>> Machine tools are produced in this factory. 车床是在这家工厂生产的.
They found a wallet in the car. 他们在车里捡到一个钱包.
>>> A wallet was found in the car. 钱包是在车里捡到的.
They are repairing the bridge. 他们正在修复桥梁.
>>> The bridge is being repaired. 桥梁正在修复中.
They often make fun of her. 人们常拿她开玩笑.
>>> She is often made fun of. 她常被人取笑.
He made a mess of the house. 他把房子搞得乱七八糟.
>>> The house was made a mess of. 房子被搞得乱七八糟.
He took great care of his books. 他非常爱护书籍.
>>> His books were taken great care if. 他的书籍受到精心爱护.
>>> Great care was taken of his books. 他的书籍受到精心爱护.
转换规则（2）
如果原来的主动句带有情态助动词或半助动词,在变为被动句时,情态助动词或半助动词不变,随后的主要动词变为被动语态.
例如：
They should do it at once. 他们应该马上办理这件事.
>>> It should be done at once. 这件事应该马上就办.
They may be interviewing the applications at this very moment.他们此刻也许正在面试申请人.
>>>The applications may be being interviewed at this very moment.申请人此刻也许正在接受面试.
They must have finished their work. 他们一定已经结束了工作.
>>> Their work must have been finished. 他们的工作估计已经结束.
You needn’t have done it. 你本来不必做此事.
>>> It needn’t have been done. 这事本来就不必做.
He is likely to let you down. 他可能使你失望.
>>> You are likely to be let down. 你是可能失望的.
Beginners are apt to make such mistakes. 初学者容易犯此类错误.
>>> Such mistakes are apt to be made by beginners. 此类错误初学者很容易犯.
转换规则（3）
当主动句变为被动句时,如果需要强调施动者,便可将原句的主语（即施动者）置于by-短语中表示出来.
例如：
A schoolboy found this wallet in the street. 一个学生在街上捡到这个钱包.
>>> This wallet was found in the street by a schoolboy. 这个钱包是一个学生在街上捡到的.
A gust of wind blew our tent down. 一阵风把我们的帐篷刮倒了.
>>> Our tent was blown down by a gust of wind. 我们的帐篷被一阵风刮倒了.
We have done away with the old rules. 我们已经废除了旧规章.
>>> The old rules have been done away with by us. 旧规章已经被我们废除了.
转换规则（4）
当主动句是个“主语－动词－宾语－宾语”（SVoO）的结构时,变为被动句,可以有两种形式：一种是以间接宾语作主语；一种是以直接宾语作主语.
例如：
Father gave me a toy at Christmas. 父亲在圣诞节送我一个玩具.
>>> I was given a toy at Christmas.
>>> A toy was given to me at Christmas.
They offered him some assistance.
>>> He was offered some assistance. 他们向他提供一些帮助.
>>> Some assistance was offered to him.

但也并非任何SVoO结构都可有两种被动句式,比如下列的句子便只能变为一种被动句式：
Mother bought me a picture book. 母亲给我买一本画册.
>>> A picture was bought for me.
转换规则（5）
如果主动句是“主语－动词－宾语－宾补”（SVOC）的结构,变为被动句时,原来的宾语变做主语,原来的宾补变成主补.
例如：
They named the child Tom. 他们给孩子命名为汤姆.
>>> The child was named Tom. 那孩子被命名为汤姆.
They painted the wall blue. 他们把墙壁漆成蓝色.
>>> The wall was painted blue. 墙壁被漆成蓝色.
We regard him as the best dentist in town. 我们认为他是城里最好的牙医.
>>> He is regarded as the best dentist in town. 他被公认为城里最好的牙医.
We know him to be a good teacher. 我们知道他是以为好老师.
>>> He is known to be a good teacher. 众所周知他是以为好老师.
We thought the matter to have been settled. 我们以为问题已经解决.
>>> The mattered was thought to have been settled. 问题被认为已经解决.
被动句转换的限制（1）
有些主动句不能转换为被动句.当“主语－动词－宾语”结构的谓语动词为某些静态动词时,这种主动句不能转换为被动句.
例如：
They have a nice house. 他们有一幢好房子.
The auditorium holds 2000 people. 这个大礼堂能容纳2000人.
This dress becomes her. 这件衣服合她的身.
Linda resembles her father. 琳达像她父亲.
This coat doesn’t fit me. 这件上衣不合我的身.
被动句转换的限制（2）
还有某些主动句不能转换为被动句.当“主语－动词－宾语”结构的宾语为反身代词或相互代词时,这种主动句不能转换为被动句.
例如：
John could hardly see himself in the mirror. 约翰几乎不能在镜中看到他自己.
We must help each other. 我们必须互相帮助.
被动句转换的限制（3）
有些被动句不能转换为主动句.
例如：
He was born in Shanghai. 他生于上海.
I’m not obliged to work overtime. 我并不是非加班不可.
They will be married next week. 他们将于下周结婚.
被动句的用法（1）
说不出施动者.无法说出谁是施动者,因为不知道动作的施行者是谁.
I felt as if I was being watched.
我觉得好像有人在监视我.
The minister was murdered．
部长被谋杀了.
He’s almost certainly been murdered.
几乎可以肯定他已遭谋杀.
被动句的用法（2）
不必说出施动者.因为动作的施行者是谁并不重要,说话的焦点集中在承受动作的人或事物上.
Such items should be carefully packed.
这种物品应该仔细包装.
He is suspected of receiving stolen goods．
他被怀疑接受了赃物.
You’ll be met at the station．
有人会到车站去接你.
You’ll be told in advance.
你会提前得到通知.
Your hand will be X-rayed．
你的手要照X片.
被动句的用法（3）
不必说出施动者.因为施动者显而易见或已经提及的.
He was regarded as their leader.
他被看作是他们的领袖.
The rubbish hasn’t been collected．
垃圾没有清走.
The streets are swept every day．
马路每天都清扫.
The house was believed to be haunted.
大家认为这所房子闹鬼.
This sort of advertisement is seen everywhere．
这样的广告到处可见.
被动句的用法（4）
不便说出施动者.因为说出施动者,会使施动者感到难堪.
This letter has been opened.
这封信有人拆过了.（说出施动者会使别人难堪.）
My car has been moved.
我的汽车被挪动过了.（说出施动者会使别人难堪.）
被动句的用法（5）
不愿意说出施动者,因为说出施动者之后会使说话者自己感到难堪.
Employer：Overtime rates will have to be reduced．
雇主：加班工资将必须调低.