求问一道GMAT语法题~More than fifty years after the Second World War, a number of African American soldiers were awarded ― some of them posthumously ― with the Congressional Medal of Honor, which was the nation’s highest military award, a

求问一道GMAT语法题~More than fifty years after the Second World War, a number of African American soldiers were awarded ― some of them posthumously ― with the Congressional Medal of Honor, which was the nation’s highest military award, a
求问一道GMAT语法题~
More than fifty years after the Second World War, a number of African American soldiers were awarded ― some of them posthumously ― with the Congressional Medal of Honor, which was the nation’s highest military award, and which was long overdue in recognition of their outstanding bravery.
A. with the Congressional Medal of Honor, which was the nation’s highest military award, and which was long overdue in
B. with the Congressional Medal of Honor, the nation’s highest military award for long-overdue
C. the Congressional Medal of Honor, which was the nation’s highest military award, long-overdue in
D.the Congressional Medal of Honor, the nation’s highest military award for long-overdue
E. themselves Congressional Medal of Honor, the nation’s highest military award, in long-overdue
求问这道题为什么用with错?with在什么情况下可以用什么情况下不能用?

求问一道GMAT语法题~More than fifty years after the Second World War, a number of African American soldiers were awarded ― some of them posthumously ― with the Congressional Medal of Honor, which was the nation’s highest military award, a
求问这道题为什么用with错?with在什么情况下可以用什么情况下不能用?


【答疑】


    英语中有一类词称作“给予动词”,如 give、sand、pass 等,这类动词后面要跟跟 “间接宾语 (sb.) + 直接宾语 (sth.)” 或  “直接宾语 (sth.) + to + 间接宾语 (sb.).（注：在拉丁语系和斯拉夫语系中,直接宾语称作 “宾格”,间接宾语称作 “受格”,不同的格有不同格的形式.现代英语已经把 “宾格” 和 “受格 ”统一到一起,统称宾格.）


    award 的意思是 “授予”,从词义上属于给予动词,如要表示 “授予某人某物” 或 “把某物授予某人”,要用 “award sb.sth.” 或“award sth.to sb.” 这种双宾语结构.


    这种结构改为被动语态就是  “[sb.] be awarded sth.(某人被授予某物)”  或 “[sth.] be awarded to sb.(某物被授予某人)”


    本句中的 (a number of African Americansoldiers) were awarded (with the Congressional Medal of Honor) 是把间接宾语变成主语的被动语态,但是在直接宾语前却出现了介词 with,因此是错误的.正确的用法应该如下：


(a number of African American soldiers) were awarded (the Congressional Medal of Honor) 【许多非裔美籍士兵被授予国家荣誉勋章】
(the Congressional Medal of Honor) were awarded (to a number of African American soldiers) 【国家荣誉勋章授给许多非裔美籍士兵】