求一篇介绍布鲁斯口琴的英文短文,要有中文翻译的!

求一篇介绍布鲁斯口琴的英文短文,要有中文翻译的!
求一篇介绍布鲁斯口琴的英文短文,要有中文翻译的!

求一篇介绍布鲁斯口琴的英文短文,要有中文翻译的!
The origins of blues harp in the South remain obscure in spite of all the musicological research that has been done with blues. W.C. Handy recalled hearing train imitations played on the harmonica as early as the the 1870's, and this was a likely sources of blues harp. The discovery that the notes could be lowered in pitch by changing the pressure exerted on reeds was probably an accidental one, but nonetheless the 'blue" notes of the African vocal scale and the moans and cries of the field holler had been successfully reproduced on a new instrument. By the 1920's, when recording companies began to go down south looking for blues acts following the succes of Mamie Smith' Crazy Blues in 1920, blues harp was a common sound in the South.
这是节选的一段,不知道合不合你意
翻译的话用个翻译器,自己串一下应该就可以把大一搞清楚了
我把全文粘在下面
The story of the harmonica begins with the Chinese Emperor Nyn-Kwya, who in 3000 B. C. invented a free-reed instrument called the "sheng' (sublime voice) which is considered the forerunner of the modern harmonica.
The sheng was brought to Europe in the 18th Century, where the idea of the free-reed principle was used in the creation of the reed organ, the accordion, the concertina, the saxophone, and the harmonica.
The modern harmonica was invented in 1821 by a German clockmaker named Christian Buschman who put fifteen pitch pipes together to create an odd little instrument. At first harmonicas were produced by clockmakers as a sideline, but in 1857 Matthias Hohner decided to manufacture them on a large scale and went into production in Trossingen, Germany.
The harmonica spread all over Germany, and with the mass emigration of Germans in the latter half of the nineteenth century, all over the world. By the time of the American Civil War, the harmonica was well established in the United States and many soldiers on both sides played them. At first the repertory in this country for harmonica consisted of folksongs, fiddle tunes, marches, hymns and the like, but somewhere along the way it was taken up by the black man, and its potential as a blues instrument came to light.
The origins of blues harp in the South remain obscure in spite of all the musicological research that has been done with blues. W.C. Handy recalled hearing train imitations played on the harmonica as early as the the 1870's, and this was a likely sources of blues harp. The discovery that the notes could be lowered in pitch by changing the pressure exerted on reeds was probably an accidental one, but nonetheless the 'blue" notes of the African vocal scale and the moans and cries of the field holler had been successfully reproduced on a new instrument. By the 1920's, when recording companies began to go down south looking for blues acts following the succes of Mamie Smith' Crazy Blues in 1920, blues harp was a common sound in the South.
After World War II there was a large shifting of the black population from the rural south to the urban north, especially Chicago. Starting from the late thirties, four giants of blues harmonica recorded and performed in Chicago: Sonny Boy Willianson, Little Walter Jacobs, Big Walter Horton and Rice (Sonny Boy Williamson II) Miller.
Together these men created the sound of the Chicago-style blues harmonica with its various moods and voices and sounds, ranging from eerie howls and raucous yells to whispers and sighs. It was a compelling sound, demanding and getting instant attention.
A second generation of harpmen, consisting of Junior Wells, James Cotton, Paul Butterfield, Charlie Musselwhite and others, learned the art directly from the older masters (except from Sonny Boy 1, who was murdered in 1948). Paul Butterfield (1941-1987) was among the greatest of this second generation, and did much to popularize the harmonica as a rock instrument.
The advent of rock n' roll in the mid-fifties gave the blues themselves the blues. Sales of blues records dropped, many performers had to seek other livelihoods, and even Muddy Waters, whose bands always featured a harmonica player, found that audiences were unreceptive to slow blues in the nightclubs of Chicago.
Meanwhile, the blues were being discovered in Europe, especially England, where young guitarists with names like Clapton, Beck, and Page were wearing holes in their records figuring out the riffs of B. B. King, Albert King, and other American black blues guitarists. The blues-based British rock invasion of the late sixties repopularized the blues, but now the audiences were young whites rather than blacks, who by then had moved on to R & B, soul, and jazz. Unfortunately, the creators of the style got none of the credit until 1964, when The Rolling Stones appeared on the TV show "Shindig" along with blues legend Howlin'Wolf (The Stones got Wolf on the show by refusing to play without him).
Mick Jagger, John Lennon, Neil Young, Bob Dylan, Al Wilson of Canned Heat, Pig Pen of the Grateful Dead, and other famous musicians of the 'sixties all played the harmonica and helped establish it as a rock as well as a blues instrument. With the resurgence of interest in the blues, the fate of the blues harp playing now seems secure indeed.
The harmonica itself consists of a wood or plastic body called a comb, two brass reed plates, and two nickel covers. The diatonic harmonica, which is the most popular model, has ten holes. Each hole in turn provides one of two different notes, depending on whether you are exhaling (called "blowing") or inhaling (called "drawing") . The 20 notes available on the harmonica cover a range of three octaves and are arranged in such a way that only the middle octave contains a complete scale. The lower octave lacks the fourth and seventh steps of the scale (the harmonica is designed this way in order to have the tonic and dominant chords in the lower register), and the upper octave lacks the seventh step of the scale.
Most diatonic harmonicas are made by the Hohner Company, and one can choose from among the Marine Band, the Spec