关于圣诞节食物的文章,英文顺便在下面注明一下中文意思吧，不要太长，精髓就好

关于圣诞节食物的文章,英文顺便在下面注明一下中文意思吧，不要太长，精髓就好
关于圣诞节食物的文章,英文
顺便在下面注明一下中文意思吧，不要太长，精髓就好

关于圣诞节食物的文章,英文顺便在下面注明一下中文意思吧，不要太长，精髓就好
苹果汁 cider
棒棒糖 lolly \lollipop
香宾 champagne
圣诞节曲奇饼 cookie
蔓越桔调味汁 spreading blueberry
蛋酒 egg-nog
水果蛋糕 Fruit cake
姜饼 gingerbread
蜂蜜火腿 HoneyBaked Ham
热巧克力 Hot Chocolate
小杏仁饼 marchpane
苹果派 Apple Pie
草莓大黄饼 strawberry rhubarb pie
胡桃饼 walnut pie
南瓜饼 pumpkin
火鸡 turkey
烤鸭 Roast duck
烘烤鹅 Roast goose

Candy canes
Why are some candies associated with Christmas? Hundreds of years ago sugar was very expensive. It was a food of the wealthy. For other people, it was a special treat saved for holiday...

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Candy canes
Why are some candies associated with Christmas? Hundreds of years ago sugar was very expensive. It was a food of the wealthy. For other people, it was a special treat saved for holidays (Christmas, Easter) and other special occasions (weddings, christenings). Many of these traditions remain today. About candy.
Food historians tell us that hard candies (sticks, losenges, etc.) were originally manufactured for medicinal purposes. This idea survives today in the form of cough drops. Confectioners were quick to recognize the popularity of hard candy, in its various forms. Before long, hard candies of all sorts of shapes, sizes, and flavors were produced for "recreational" purposes.
"The concept of sugar as medicine probably came from the tradition of Moslem physicians. They came from a culture which knew and used sugar...That sugar was an expensive and exotic luxury, used medicinally by the subtle and learned Arabs, probalby helped reinforce medieval European ideas of its intrinsic goodness. There were pleny of ailments in northern Europe for which sugar was considered suitable treatment--coughs, colds, chest infections, agues. The Christ allowed that sugar was medicinal (St. Thomas Aquinas himself apparently considered and pronounced on the subject), which meant it could be legitimately nibbled during Lent, probably adding to its appeal. It is no coincidence that our earliest information about pulled-sugar sweets in Britian, using the very word penides that travelled all the way from the Orient, comes from compilations of medicinal formulae, not elegant books on fine confectionery. A description of pulling sugar was written down about 1500 in the York manuscript, under the title To make penydes...The art of pulling sugar was evidently well understood 500 years ago..."
---Sugar-Plums and Sherbet: The Prehistory of Sweets, Laura mason [Prospect Books:Devon] 2004 (p. 84-5)
"When sugar first became known in Europe it was a rare and costly commodity, valued mainly for its supposed medicinal qualities and finding its place in the pharmacopoeia of the medieval apothecary...Sugar gradually became more widely available in Europe during the Middle Ages. In Britain it was considered to be an excellent remedy for winter colds. It might be eaten in the form of candy crystals...or it might be made into little twisted sticks which were called in Latin penida, later Anglicized to pennets. The tradition of penida survives most clearly in American stick candy which is similarly twisted and flavoured with essences supposed to be effective against colds, such as oil of wintergreen."
---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 210)

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1:德国和荷兰在12月6日庆祝类似英国国家的圣尼古拉斯日.
荷兰语称作Sinterklaasavond的日子要比圣诞节重要的多,
虽然近年来一些荷兰人也开始庆祝平安夜和圣诞节.
SINTERKLASS会在12月5日给企求礼物的小朋友带来礼物.
他的装束是红色的主教外套和主教发冠,骑着一匹白色骏马在房顶间穿梭.
在德国,圣诞节的庆祝在大部分地区仍然是传统之一....

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1:德国和荷兰在12月6日庆祝类似英国国家的圣尼古拉斯日.
荷兰语称作Sinterklaasavond的日子要比圣诞节重要的多,
虽然近年来一些荷兰人也开始庆祝平安夜和圣诞节.
SINTERKLASS会在12月5日给企求礼物的小朋友带来礼物.
他的装束是红色的主教外套和主教发冠,骑着一匹白色骏马在房顶间穿梭.
在德国,圣诞节的庆祝在大部分地区仍然是传统之一.
而圣诞大餐要在12月25日享用,主菜一般是家禽.
圣诞礼物是与圣尼古拉斯长的很像的圣诞老人带来的.
Germany and the Netherlands celebrate the 6th of December very much the same way the English celebrate the St. Nicolas Day. What is called in Dutch, Sinterklassvond, is more important than Christmas, although in recent years some Dutch began celebrating Christmas Eve and Christmas Day. Sinterklass brings gifts to children that long for them on December 5th. He wears red robe and bishop hat, and rides a white house between roofs. In Germany, Christmas Celebration is still a tradition in many regions. Yet Christmas Feast is served on December 25th, the main dish usually being domestic poultry and Christmas gifts being brought by Santa Claus who looks very much like St. Nicolas.
2:意大利人的圣诞节融合了现代传统及罗马祖先遗留下的习俗.
食物,宗教仪式圣诞摆设和送礼都是重点项目.
在某些地区,礼物是由LABEFANA于显现节送出的,
其他的地区则由小耶稣于圣诞节或平安夜送出.
In Italy, Christmas is a combination of modern traditions and customs left by their Roman ancestors. Food, religious ritual, Christmas ornament and gifts are all important to consider. In some regions, gifts are sent by La Befana at Epiphany. In other places, little Jesus Christ on Christmas eve or Christmas Day.
3:在捷克共和国人们主要是在12月24日或圣诞夜庆祝圣诞节,
这天晚上大家会相互赠送礼物,礼物是由小耶稣带来的,
为了使节日更丰富有趣,很多古老的圣诞传统保存了下来.
人们被告戒在正式的晚宴准备好前,圣诞夜里不能吃任何东西,
为了能看见闪闪发亮的烤猪,礼物被安置在圣诞树下,
人们将会在晚餐后开启自己的礼物.
In Czech Republic, people mainly celebrates Christmas on December 24th and Christmas eve. On that night, people exchange gifts. And the gifts are supposed to be brought by little Jesus Christ. In order to add more fun to the holiday, many ancient Christmas traditions are kept. People are advised not to eat anything before Christmas eve when the official dinner is prepare
为了使节日更丰富有趣,很多古老的圣诞传统保存了下来.
人们被告戒在正式的晚宴准备好前,圣诞夜里不能吃任何东西,
为了能看见闪闪发亮的烤猪,礼物被安置在圣诞树下,
人们将会在晚餐后开启自己的礼物.
In Czech Republic, people mainly celebrates Christmas on December 24th and Christmas eve. On that night, people exchange gifts. And the gifts are supposed to be brought by little Jesus Christ. In order to add more fun to the holiday, many ancient Christmas traditions are kept. People are advised not to eat anything before Christmas eve when the official dinner is prepared. In order to see the glittering roast pork, people put the gifts under the Christmas tree. And the gifts are opened after the dinner.
4:圣诞拉炮是一种庆祝圣诞节不可或缺的形式,
而圣诞童话闹剧更是风行于年轻的家庭中.
节日NINE LESSONS AND CAROLS在剑桥是一个很流行的宗教活动.
自从西元1947年开始每年挪威首都奥斯陆都会赠送一颗云衫树给英国人民
作为表示英国于二站支援挪威的感谢之意.
Christmas crackers are something that Christmas Celebration can not do without and Christmas pantomime is very popular with young families. The festival Nine Lessons and Carols is a prevalent religious activity at Cambridge. Ever since 1947, every year, the city of Oslo, capital of Norway, will present a fir to the English people as a gesture of gratitude for the English aid to Norway in the Second World War.

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