求杜鲁门主义的简介最好是英语的

求杜鲁门主义的简介最好是英语的
求杜鲁门主义的简介
最好是英语的

求杜鲁门主义的简介最好是英语的
The Truman Doctrine (listen) was a policy set forth by U.S.President Harry S Truman on March 12,1947 stating that the U.S.would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent their falling into the Soviet sphere.[1]
Truman stated the Doctrine would be "the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures." Truman reasoned,because these "totalitarian regimes" coerced "free peoples," they represented a threat to international peace and the national security of the United States.Truman made the plea amid the crisis of the Greek Civil War (1946–1949).He argued that if Greece and Turkey did not receive the aid that they urgently needed,they would inevitably fall to communism with grave consequences throughout the region.
For years Britain had supported Greece,but was now near bankruptcy and was forced to radically reduce its involvement.In February 1947,Great Britain formally requested the United States take over its role in supporting the Greek government.[2]
The policy won the support of Republicans who controlled Congress and involved sending $400 million in American money,but no military forces,to the region.The effect was to end the Communist threat,and in 1952 both countries joined NATO,a military alliance that guaranteed their protection.[3]
The Doctrine was informally extended to become the basis of American Cold War policy throughout Europe and around the world.[4] It shifted American foreign policy toward the Soviet Union from détente (friendship) to,as George F.Kennan phrased it,a policy of containment of Soviet expansion.Historians often use its announcement to mark the starting date of the Cold War.