英语翻译AbstractThe banking industry changed substantially in the 1990s as the number of banks declined rapidly,and as we document,commercial banks dramatically shifted their assets to real-estate loans.The portfolio restructuring seems to be fol

英语翻译AbstractThe banking industry changed substantially in the 1990s as the number of banks declined rapidly,and as we document,commercial banks dramatically shifted their assets to real-estate loans.The portfolio restructuring seems to be fol
英语翻译
Abstract
The banking industry changed substantially in the 1990s as the number of banks declined rapidly,and as we document,commercial banks dramatically shifted their assets to real-estate loans.The portfolio restructuring seems to be followed mainly by capital-constrained banks as real-estate bank shave lower risk-based-capital ratios relative to those of our benchmark group.Trading off credit risk for interest-rate risk is only one of the ways to arbitrage regulatory capital.We also show that real-estate banks keep higher ratios of fixed-rate loans to total assets and face higher probabilities of insolvency.The increasing proportion of banks specializing in real-estate lending,the incentives of regulatory discipline,and the weaknesses of risk-management strategies could stress the condition of the banking system during periods of large unexpected increases in interest-rates and are important issues for regulators and bank managers.

英语翻译AbstractThe banking industry changed substantially in the 1990s as the number of banks declined rapidly,and as we document,commercial banks dramatically shifted their assets to real-estate loans.The portfolio restructuring seems to be fol
摘要
20世纪90年代银行数量的锐减,以及如文中所述的商业银行将资产转换为不动产贷款的显著举动,使得银行业发生了巨大的变化.银行重构资产组合后,接踵而来的主要是像不动产抵押贷款协会之类的受资本约束的银行为了向基准商业银行看齐,降低他们的低风险资产比率.而将信贷风险转换为利率风险只是众多套换监管资本的方法中的一种.文中指出,不动产的抵押款协会的固定利率贷款所占比例更高,其所面临的破产可能性也更高.在利率突然大幅提高的时期,不动产贷款所占比例的不断提高,监管条例的不断刺激以及在风险管理战略上的缺憾,都可能使这类银行处于更困难的境地,而这也是这类银行的监管层和经理层所面临的重要问题.
注：我把real-estate bank 译为“不动产抵押贷款协会”不知道准确否?

摘要
银行业极大地改变了在90 年代当银行的数量迅速地下降了,并且如同我们提供, 商业银行显著转移了他们的财产到不动产的贷款。 股份单更改结构似乎主要被资本拘束的银行跟随作为不动产的银行刮脸更低风险根据资本比率相对那些我们的基准小组。 换信用危险为利率风险是只方式的当中一个对套利管理资本。 我们并且表示, 不动产的银行保留固定的率贷款更高的比与总财产和不能溶解的面孔更高的可能性。 银行的...

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摘要
银行业极大地改变了在90 年代当银行的数量迅速地下降了,并且如同我们提供, 商业银行显著转移了他们的财产到不动产的贷款。 股份单更改结构似乎主要被资本拘束的银行跟随作为不动产的银行刮脸更低风险根据资本比率相对那些我们的基准小组。 换信用危险为利率风险是只方式的当中一个对套利管理资本。 我们并且表示, 不动产的银行保留固定的率贷款更高的比与总财产和不能溶解的面孔更高的可能性。 银行的增长的比例专门研究不动产借, 管理学科的刺激, 并且风险管理战略弱点能注重银行业务系统的情况在大意想不到的增量的期间在兴趣率的和是重要问题为管理者和银行经理

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