辩论会英语上网利与弊要英语的

辩论会英语上网利与弊要英语的
辩论会英语上网利与弊
要英语的

辩论会英语上网利与弊要英语的
The Internet is a worldwide,publicly accessible series of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the standard Internet Protocol (IP).It is a "network of networks" that consists of millions of smaller domestic,academic,business,and government networks,which together carry various information and services,such as electronic mail,online chat,file transfer,and the interlinked web pages and other resources of the World Wide Web (WWW).
Social impact
The Internet has made possible entirely new forms of social interaction,activities and organizing,thanks to its basic features such as widespread usability and access.
Social networking websites such as Facebook and MySpace have created a new form of socialization and interaction.Users of these sites are able to add a wide variety of items to their personal pages,to indicate common interests,and to connect with others.It is also possible to find a large circle of existing acquaintances,especially if a site allows users to utilize their real names,and to allow communication among large existing groups of people.
Sites like meetup.com exist to allow wider announcement of groups which may exist mainly for face-to-face meetings,but which may have a variety of minor interactions over their group's site at meetup.org,or other similar sites.
Political organization and censorship
For more details on this topic,see Internet censorship.
In democratic societies,the Internet has achieved new relevance as a political tool.The presidential campaign of Howard Dean in 2004 in the United States became famous for its ability to generate donations via the Internet.Many political groups use the Internet to achieve a whole new method of organizing,in order to carry out Internet activism.
Some governments,such as those of Cuba,Iran,North Korea,Myanmar,the People's Republic of China,and Saudi Arabia,restrict what people in their countries can access on the Internet,especially political and religious content.This is accomplished through software that filters domains and content so that they may not be easily accessed or obtained without elaborate circumvention.
In Norway,Denmark,Finland and Sweden,major Internet service providers have voluntarily (possibly to avoid such an arrangement being turned into law) agreed to restrict access to sites listed by police.While this list of forbidden URLs is only supposed to contain addresses of known child pornography sites,the content of the list is secret.[citation needed]
Many countries,including the United States,have enacted laws making the possession or distribution of certain material,such as child pornography,illegal,but do not use filtering software.
There are many free and commercially available software programs with which a user can choose to block offensive websites on individual computers or networks,such as to limit a child's access to pornography or violence.See Content-control software.
Leisure activites
The Internet has been a major source of leisure since before the World Wide Web,with entertaining social experiments such as MUDs and MOOs being conducted on university servers,and humor-related Usenet groups receiving much of the main traffic.Today,many Internet forums have sections devoted to games and funny videos; short cartoons in the form of Flash movies are also popular.Over 6 million people use blogs or message boards as a means of communication and for the sharing of ideas.
The pornography and gambling industries have both taken full advantage of the World Wide Web,and often provide a significant source of advertising revenue for other websites.Although many governments have attempted to put restrictions on both industries' use of the Internet,this has generally failed to stop their widespread popularity.
One main area of leisure on the Internet is multiplayer gaming.This form of leisure creates communities,bringing people of all ages and origins to enjoy the fast-paced world of multiplayer games.These range from MMORPG to first-person shooters,from role-playing games to online gambling.This has revolutionized the way many people interact and spend their free time on the Internet.
While online gaming has been around since the 1970s,modern modes of online gaming began with services such as GameSpy and MPlayer,to which players of games would typically subscribe.Non-subscribers were limited to certain types of gameplay or certain games.
Many use the Internet to access and download music,movies and other works for their enjoyment and relaxation.As discussed above,there are paid and unpaid sources for all of these,using centralized servers and distributed peer-to-peer technologies.Discretion is needed as some of these sources take more care over the original artists' rights and over copyright laws than others.
Many use the World Wide Web to access news,weather and sports reports,to plan and book holidays and to find out more about their random ideas and casual interests.
People use chat,messaging and e-mail to make and stay in touch with friends worldwide,sometimes in the same way as some previously had pen pals.Social networking websites like MySpace,Facebook and many others like them also put and keep people in contact for their enjoyment.
The Internet has seen a growing number of Web desktops,where users can access their files,folders,and settings via the Internet.
Cyberslacking has become a serious drain on corporate resources; the average UK employee spends 57 minutes a day surfing the Web at work,according to a study by Peninsula Business Services.[9]
Complex architecture
Many computer scientists see the Internet as a "prime example of a large-scale,highly engineered,yet highly complex system".[10] The Internet is extremely heterogeneous.(For instance,data transfer rates and physical characteristics of connections vary widely.) The Internet exhibits "emergent phenomena" that depend on its large-scale organization.For example,data transfer rates exhibit temporal self-similarity.Further adding to the complexity of the Internet is the ability of more than one computer to use the Internet through only one node,thus creating the possibility for a very deep and hierarchal sub-network that can theoretically be extended infinitely (disregarding the programmatic limitations of the IPv4 protocol).However,since principles of this architecture date back to the 1960s,it might not be a solution best suited to modern needs,and thus the possibility of developing alternative structures is currently being looked into.[11]
According to a June 2007 article in Discover magazine,the combined weight of all the electrons moved within the Internet in a day is 0.2 millionths of an ounce.[12] Others have estimated this at nearer 2 ounces (50 grams).[13]