初一知识点总结英语.科学都要

初一知识点总结英语.科学都要
初一知识点总结
英语.科学都要

初一知识点总结英语.科学都要
先给你一个英语的,太长了不好提交,其余的你就查初一语文知识点总结,初一数学知识点总结,我都查到了.
一．短语
1.go on vacation go to summer camp stay at home
study for exams Central Park show sth to sb
.help him find his father walk back to… go shopping
the Palace Museum think of have fun doing sth
.bus trip the Great Wall Tian’an Men Square
.a Beijing Hutong make sb do sth
.decide to do sth all day
二．重点句子和注意事项
1．Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.
Where did they go on vacation? They went to New York City.
Where did he go on vacation? He stayed at home.
Where did she go on vacation? She visited her uncle.
2． Did you/he/she/they go to Central Park?
Yes, I/he/she/they did.
No, I/he/she/they didn’t.
3． How were the movies? They were fantastic
4． have fun doing something 干某事有乐趣
＝ enjoy oneself doing something
We have fun learning and speaking English .
We enjoy ourselves learning and speaking English .
我们学英语有很多乐趣 ．
5． find sb. doing sth. 发现某人在干某事 find sb. do sth. 发现某人干过某事
I find him reading the novel (小说）.
I found him go into the room .
6． corner 角落,角,拐角处
in the corner 在角落里（指在建筑物里面）
at the corner 在拐角处（指在建筑物外面或道路的拐角）
My bike is at the corner .
7． be lost 迷路了＝get lost , lost (adj.)
The girl was lost in the big city .
8． help sb. (to) do sth.＝help sb for sth 帮助某人干某事
He always helps us learn English
9. make sb. do sth. 让／使某人干某事 let / have sb. do sth. do前不带to
The movie makes me relaxing .
Let the boy do his homework alone .
10. feel+ adj. 感到．．．
I feel hungry / tired /happy / excited
11. decide to do sth. 决定干某事
They decided to go to Hainan on vacation .
Uint 11 What do you think of game shows?
一． 词组
1．. TV shows（电视节目）
soap opera sitcom a comedy an action movie a documentary a thriller cartoon Beijing Opera
Animal World Tell it like it is Law Today game show
CCTV News News in 30 Minutes Man and Nature
Chinese Cooking Around China talk show Lucky52
Sports news sports show Culture China
2． write an article for the school magazine.给学校杂志写一篇文章
3． a thirteen - year - old boy.一个十三岁的男孩
4． wear colorful clothes.穿着颜色鲜艳的衣服
5． interview sb. 采访某人 in fact. 实际上
6. wear scarves. 戴着围巾 think of 想起,考虑到
二．重点句型
1. What do you think of soap operas? I can't stand them.
2. What do you think of sports shows? I don't mind them.
3. What does she think of "Hilltop High"? She doesn't like it.
4. What does Tony think of Tommy? He likes him.
5. What do they think of Amanda? They love her.
三．重难点解析
1. wear (v. 动词) "穿,戴,佩".根据不同宾语,翻译不同的汉语意思.
wear earrings 戴耳环 wear a dress 穿连衣裙wear a watch 戴手表
wear a beard 蓄胡子wear long hair 留长发
2. think "想,考虑,思索"（v. 动词）可以和许多介词搭配,组成新的意思.
A：think of "考虑"；"有...的看法",有时等于think about.
What does he think of Beijing Opera?他对京剧有什么看法?
My mother always thinks of everything!我妈妈总是想到所有的东西.
think highly of sb. /sth. 对某人或某物评价甚高
Mr Black thinks highly of his son. 布莱克先生对他儿子评价甚高.
B：think about "考虑"（指计划,观念,看它是否相宜、可行）
He is thinking about going to China.他正在考虑去中国.
3. too与either的区别
too"也",表示肯定意义,与肯定的表达方法连用；而either"也不",表示否定意义,与否定的表达方法连用.
（1）—My brother likes to play soccer.我哥哥喜欢踢足球.—I do, too.我也是（喜欢）.
（2）—My brother doesn't like to play soccer.我哥哥不喜欢踢足球.—I don't, either.
我也不喜欢.
also也可以表示"也",但一般情况下,too和either放在句子之后,also放在动词之前.
We also love talk shows.我们也喜欢访谈节目.
4. a thirteen - year - old boy 一个十三岁的男孩
此结构中,year用单数形式,且用连字符,这种结构用作定语.
a five - month - old baby 一个五个月大的婴儿
5. enjoy (v. 喜爱,享受)
enjoy后面接名词、代词或动名词,注意与like/ love用法的区别.like/ love还可以接动词不定式（to do）.
I enjoy the soap operas.我喜爱肥皂剧.
I enjoy watching the soap operas.我喜爱看肥皂剧.
但我们不能说：I enjoy to watch the soap operas.
只能说：I like / love to watch the soap operas.
6. mind 表示"介意,反对"的意思时,通常用在疑问句、否定句中.
Would you mind opening the window?请你打开窗子好不好?
He doesn't mind the cold weather at all.他一点都不在乎寒冷的天气.
多用于以下句型：（表示请求或征求意见）后接动名词/名词/代词.
Would you mind (doing) ...?Do you mind (doing) ...?
7. stand 表示忍受（多用于否定句、疑问句）
He can't stand the hot weather.他忍受不了炎热的天气.
Can you stand the pain?你忍受得了疼吗?
9. What do you think of ...? 你认为...怎么样?（谈论对某事物的喜好程度）可选择的回答有：
（1）I like it.
（2）I don't mind it.
（3）I don't like it.
（4）I can't stand it.
（5）I like it very much.
（6）I love it.
（7）It's beautiful.
（8）They're fantastic
Unit 12 Don't eat in class.
一．短语．
1. in class 在课上 2. on school nights 在上学的晚上 3. school rules 校规
4. no talking 禁止交谈 5. listen to music 听音乐 6. have to 不得不
7. take my dog for a walk 带狗去散步 8. eat outside 在外面吃饭9. in the hallway 在走廊上 10. wear a uniform 穿制服 11. arrive late for class 上学迟到 12. after school 放学后 17. be in bed 在床上 13. practice the guitar 练习弹吉它 14. in the cafeteria 在自助食堂里15. meet my friends 和我朋友见面 16. by ten o'clock.十点之前 18. the Children's Palace 少年宫 19. help my mom make dinner 帮助我妈做饭
二．重点句型
1.Don’t arrive late for school＝Don’t be late for school
2.Don’t fight ＝
3.Don’t listen to music in the classroom.
4.Don’t run in the hallways
5.Don’t smoke .It’s bad for your health.
6.Don’t play cards in school
7.Don’t talk in class
8.Don’t watch TV on school nights.
9.Don’t sleep in class.
10.Don’t play sports in the classrooms.
11.Don’t sing songs at night.
12.Don’t talk when you eat.
13.Don’t wear hats in class.
14.Do homework by 10:00.
15.Clean your house!
16.Make the bed.
17.Can we ……? Yes ,we can . No, we can’t.
Eg:Can we arrive late for class ?
No, we can’t. We can’t arrive late for class.
18.Do you have to wash your clothes? Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
三． 重难点解析：
1. 情态动词have to 的用法,意思是"必须、不得不",它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威.（1）结构：主语＋have to＋动词原形＋其他
（一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时,用has to；句子是过去时,用had to.）如： We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上,我们必须穿运动鞋.Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它.I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一,我不得不早上5点起床.
（2）否定形式：主语＋don't have to＋动词原形＋其他
（一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时,用doesn't have to. 句子是过去时,用didn't have to）
如：Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服.We didn't have to do our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业.
（3）疑问句：Do （Does或Did）＋主语＋have to ＋动词原形＋其他
如：Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗?Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
是的,我必须.不,我不必.Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚,他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗?
2. 情态动词can的用法
（1）表示能力,"会""能"（在第一册中已经学习这种用法）
Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉它吗?Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中文.I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞.
（2）表示允许、许可,"可以"、"能"（在这一课中新学的词义）
Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗?We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西.Can I come in? 我能进来吗?
注意 同样是情态动词,can 和have to 的用法是有区别的,和大部分情态动词一样,can在否定句中,直接在can后加上not,在疑问句中,把can放到主语前面,并且没有人称和数的变化.
3. hear,listen和sound都有"听"的意思,但三者是有区别的.
（1）hear"听说",侧重于"听"的内容
I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了,我很难过.
I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事.
（2）listen"听"侧重于"听"这一动作.Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说.
The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐.
（3）sound"听起来",它是系动词,后面接形容词等.That sounds great. 那听起来真不错.
It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣.
4. be in bed "在床上、卧床"in 和bed之间不能用冠词,bed也不用复数.
He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床10年了.Dave has to be in bed early every night.大卫每晚必须很早睡觉.
5. arrive late for 与be late for 意思相近,"迟到"Don't arrive （be）late for school. 上学别迟到.I arrived （was）late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天开会迟到了.
6. No talking ! "禁止交谈!"no后面加上名词或动名词（doing）也表示不要做某事.与don't +do的用法相似.No wet umbrellas! / Don't put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放湿雨伞!
No food! Don't eat food here! 禁止吃食物!No smoking! Don't smoke here! 禁止吸烟!
7．语法（祈使句）
祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召或者劝告等的句子,这类句子的主语常是第二人称you,也就是听话者,因而you常省去了.祈使句的开头是动词原形.
如：Look out! 小心!Wait here for me! 在这等我!
Be sure to come here on time! 务必准时来到这里!
祈使句的否定形式多以do not（常缩写成don't）开头,再加上动词原形.
Don't arrive late for school. 上学别迟到.
Don't fight! 别打架!
Don't look out of the window. 不要向窗外看.