初中英语作文 通用句子

初中英语作文 通用句子
初中英语作文 通用句子

初中英语作文 通用句子
初中英语语法
学习提纲
一,词类,句子成分和构词法:
1,词类:英语词类分十种:
名词,形容词,代词,数词,冠词,动词,副词,介词,连词,感叹词.
1,名词(n.):表示人,事物,地点或抽象概念的名称.如:boy,morning,bag,ball,class,orange.
2,代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词.如:who,she,you,it .
3,形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征.如:good,right,white,orange .
4,数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序.如:one,two,three,first,second,third,fourth.
5,动词(v.):表示动作或状态.如:am,is,are,have,see .
6,副词(adv.):修饰动词,形容词或其他副词,说明时间,地点,程度等.如:now,very,here,often,quietly,slowly.
7,冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词.如:a,an,the.
8,介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系.如in,on,from,above,behind.
9,连词(conj.):用来连接词,短语或句子.如and,but,before .
10,感叹词(interj..)表示喜,怒,哀,乐等感情.如:oh,well,hi,hello.
2,句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语,谓语,宾语,定语,状语,表语,宾语补足语.
1,主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是"谁"或者"什么".通常用名词或代词担任.如:I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)
2,谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答"做(什么)".主要由动词担任.如:Jack cleans the room every day.(杰克每天打扫房间)
3,表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是"什么"或者"怎么样".通常由名词,代词或形容词担任.如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)
4,宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是"什么".通常由名词或代词担任.如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词)
有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人.指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语.间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面.如:He wrote me a letter .(他给我写了一封信)
有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语.如:He wrote a letter to me .(他给我写了一封信)
5,定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词,代词,数词等担任.如:
Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)
6,状语用来修饰动词,形容词,副词,通常由副词担任.如:He works hard .(他工作努力)
7,宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当.如:They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语)
☆同位语通常紧跟在名词,代词后面,进一步说明它的情况.如:Where is your classmate Tom (你的同学汤姆在哪里 )
3,构词法:英语构词法主要有:合成法,派生法和转换法.
1,合成法:如:spaceship,headache,basketball,playground等等.
2,派生法:
(1)派生名词:①动词+er/or ②动词+ing ③动词+(t)ion ④形容词+ness ⑤其他,如:inventor,learner,swimming,congratulation,kindness,carelessness,knowledge
(2)派生形容词:①名词+y ②名词+ful ③动词+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩国名+(i)an 如:snowy,sunny,hopeful,beautiful,interesting,follwing,daily(每日的),nervous,delicious
(3)派生副词:①形容词+ly ②其它,如:slowly,angrily,full→fully,good→well,possible→possibly等等.
3,转换法:
(1)形容词→动词,如:dry(干燥的)→dry(弄干),clean(干净的)→clean(打扫,弄干净),等等.
(2)动词→名词,如:look,walk,rest,work,study,swim,go,talk等等.
(3)名词→动词,如:hand(手)→(传递),face(脸)→(面对)等等.
(4)形容词→副词,如:early→early,fast→fast等等.
(5)副词→连词,如:when(什么时候)→(当……时候),等等.
(6)介词→副词,如:in(到……里)→(在里面;在家),on(在…上)→(进行,继续),等等

是书信还是普通的记叙文的

陈述句
eg:I'm a beautiful girl.
一般疑问句
eg:Am I a beautiful girl?
选择疑问句
eg:Am I a beautiful girl or a pretty girl.
感叹句
eg:How beautiful I am!

1、通用句式：
英语句式：（状语）+主语+（状语）+谓语+宾语+（地点状语）+（方式状语）+（时间状语）
中文句式：主语+（时间状语）+（地点状语）/（方式状语）+谓语+宾语
[误] I last Sunday with my father by plane went to Beijing. (中文句式)
[正] I went to Beijing ...

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1、通用句式：
英语句式：（状语）+主语+（状语）+谓语+宾语+（地点状语）+（方式状语）+（时间状语）
中文句式：主语+（时间状语）+（地点状语）/（方式状语）+谓语+宾语
[误] I last Sunday with my father by plane went to Beijing. (中文句式)
[正] I went to Beijing by plane with my father last Sunday.
[正] Last Sunday, I and my father went to Beijing by plane.
2、人称代词和物主代词
[误] I have a pet. A pet is called Polly.
[正] I have a pet. It is called Polly.
[误] This is my new friend. You can call she Lily.
[正] This is my new friend. You can call her Lily.
[误] This is my bike. That is she's bike.
[正] This is my bike. That is her bike.
[误] Your shoes are older than my.
[正] Your shoes are older than mine.
3、There be 与have
[误] The table have some flowers.
[正] There are some flowers on the table.
[误] There will have a film this evening.
[正] There will be a film this evening.
4、Be, do, does, did
[误] He is live in Canada.
[正] He lives in Canada.
[误] Mr. Green is/does sometimes read newspaper.
[正] Mr. Green sometimes reads newspaper.
[误] I am not like dogs.
[正] I don't like dogs.
[误] Jenny wasn't call me last night.
[正] Jenny didn't call me last night.
[误] Our English teacher in the office.
[正] Our English teacher is in the office.
5、can, may, must, should, could
I can sing and dance.
We should keep quiet in the reading room.
6、will, shall, be going to
[误] Jack will comes to China next week.
[正] Jack will come to China next week.
We shall go for a picnic next week.
Mr. Green is going to buy a car next month.
7、and, but, or, too, also
My favorite holidays are spring and fall.
My father likes watching TV. I like watching TV, too.
[误] October is not too cold and cold in Quanzhou.
[正] October is not too cold or cold in Quanzhou.
[误] I like English, and I don't like math.
[正] I like English, but I don't like math.
8、sometimes, often, always, usually, never, hardly, all the time
In the morning, my father always plays sports.
= In the morning, my father plays sports all the time.
9、for example, such as,
We will do some activities, such as going boating, climbing hills, playing games, having a picnic and so on.
We should help the old. For example, we can clean the house, carry water and tell interesting stories.
10、作比较
I think football is as popular as basketball in America.
English is not so/as easy as Chinese.
I think math is more/less interesting than art.
Of all the subjects, I think English is the most interesting.
July is the hottest in a year.
11、复合句
[误] If it will be sunny tomorrow, we can play a football game.
[正] If it is sunny tomorrow, we can play a football game.
[误] When the summer will come, the weather will get hotter and hotter.
[正] When the summer comes, the weather will get hotter and hotter.
12、以事物作主语的句子
[误] I hope I will come true my dream.
[正] I hope my dream will come true.
[误] Tom happens a traffic accident.
[正] A traffic accident happened to Tom.
13、时间状语(位于句首或句末)
at 6 o'clock, at 7:15=at a quarter past seven
at 9 a.m.=at nine in the morning
at 6:30 p.m.= at half past six in the afternoon
at night/noon, at breakfast,
in the morning/afternoon/evening/night
in April, in spring, in 2007, in May, 2007
in two hours
He will finish the work in two hours.
on May19th, 2007 on Saturday on a rainy day
on Sunday morning on the morning of June1st
for three years
I will keep this book for two weeks.
since five days ago=for five days
[误] I have been on the football team since five days.
[正] I have been on the football team since five days ago.
before/after supper, after school/class
前面不加介词的时间状语:
yesterday, today, tomorrow, then,
the day before yesterday, the day after tomorrow
just now=a moment ago, from now on, from then on
last/this/next week
[误] He hurt his leg on last week.
[正] He hurt his leg last week.
at first at the end of the party at last=in the end=finally
14、方式状语
by bike/taxi/car/bus/train/plane/ship/boat/air/sea
in a/the car/taxi
on a bike/motorbike/bus/train on foot
[误] He by bike to school every day.
[正] He goes to school by bike/on a bike every day.
[正] He rides a bike to school every day.
[误] He by train to Beijing yesterday.
[正] He went to Beijing by train/on a train yesterday.
[正] He took a train to Beijing yesterday.
with my father, with a knife, with a book in his hand,
15、地点状语
at home, at school,
in Tom's/his home, in Quanzhou, in China,
in our classroom, in the drawer, in my backpack,
on the desk, on the/my left, on my seat
at the front of = in front of, in the front of, at the back of
behind the door above/below/under the bed, over the river
next/close to my room, near my school, far from the city,
out of the window, inside/outside, beside me,
in the tree on the tree (lie) in bed on the bed
go/come/get/drive/ride/fly to 地点
[误] Welcome to come my house.
[正] Welcome to come to my house.
Home/here/there/where前不加任何介词
[误] I arrived at home last night.
[正] I arrived home last night.
[正] I arrived at my home last night.
16、开头句
It's our duty to protect our environment.
It is very important to keep healthy.
My favorite holiday is Spring Festival.
In China the most important holiday is the Spring Festival.
Everyone has his dreams. So do I. My dream is to be a famous doctor.
I want to be a businessman/bob.
Last Sunday, it was sunny(rainy, windy, foggy,).
Last summer, my parents and I went to Beijing for our holidays.
Last Sunday, Class One had a football match with Class Two. All of us went to watch it.
I' like to tell you something about the out- of-class activity in our school. We usually have activities from 4:50 -- 5:50 in the afternoon.
I'm glad/happy to hear your good news! If you come to Canada, I will be very excited.
I'd like to invite you to my birthday party.
Thank you for your invitation.
Thank you for inviting me to your party.
17、结束句
If everyone makes contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.
I think it is important to protect animals.
I hope my dream will come true in the future.
I hope every day can be Spring Festival.
I thought I would never forget this trip.
We enjoyed ourselves. = We had fun. =We had a good time.
What a happy trip!
How happy we are! I love this trip very much.
In fact, I have never seen such an exciting match before.
I will never forget this match.
Please send me an e-mail soon. Please write to me soon.
18、中心句: 祈使句，感叹句,
Please keep the place clean and tidy.
Don't throw rubbish onto the ground.
Let's plant more flowers and trees.
We must pick up some rubbish and throw it into a dustbin.
We should not spit in a public place/ cut down the trees
We should do more exercise.
I'm allowed to sleep late on weekends.
I'm not allowed to stay outside in the night.
We can't go to sleep too late.
Let's meet at the bus stop at half past five.
On the Spring Festival Eve people have a big dinner. They have a lot of nice food to eat.
During the Spring Festival people have a lot of interesting to do.
People visit their relatives and friends
They greet each other with a hug and say, "Happy New Year".
English is very important and I like English very much.
When I was eight, I wanted to go to a famous college.
From now on I'll work harder than before.
We visited a lot of places of interest.
We bought a lot of things. The clothes there are good and cheap.
The match is very exciting .
Class One won this match. Class Two got lost.
I like pandas best. = My favorite animals are pandas.
They thanked me a lot.
I hope she'll be better soon.
We also have some special interest groups, such as drawing, singing and dancing.
We hope to spend more time on sports.
It comes in January or February .

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