高一英语必修一知识总汇

高一英语必修一知识总汇
高一英语必修一知识总汇

高一英语必修一知识总汇
人教版新课标2012年高考英语一轮单元总复习必修一
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Bill Gates is a ______(大方的)person,who has given millions of dollars to help many poor children.
答案：generous
2．He was involved in a bank robbery and was ______(判刑)to three years in prison.
答案：sentenced
3．Under the teacher’s________(指导),we successfully finished the chemistry experiment.
答案：guidance
4．It does serious harm to children’s character that too much________(暴力)is shown on television.
答案：violence
5．The man who ________(逃跑)from prison 10 years ago was arrested last week.
答案：escaped
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1．因为大量的人失业,所以需要新的工作岗位.(out of work)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：New jobs are needed because a number of people are out of work.
2．事实上,我不喜欢在公众面前受表扬.(as a matter of fact)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：As a matter of fact,I don’t like to be praised before the public.
3．他们成立了一个组织来帮助那些无法接受医疗的人.(set up)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：They set up an organization to help those who can’t receive medical care.
4．杰克因为盗窃被判处两年监禁.(be sentenced to)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Jack was sentenced to two years in prison for stealing.
5．那时,我才意识到自己犯了个错误.(only then)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Only then did I realize I had made a mistake.
Ⅲ.易错模块
1．My mother used to________her teaching when she was young.
A．devoting to B．devote to
C．be devoted to D．being devoted to
解析：选C.sb.be devoted to sth./doing sth.专心致志于,忠于,很喜欢.used to“过去常常”,后接动词原形.
2.________to his research work,the professor cared little about any other things.
A．Devoting B．Devoted
C．Having devoted D．To devote
解析：选B.devote是及物动词,一般用法是sb.is devoted to(doing)sth.或devote oneself to(doing)sth..本句中the professor和devote之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式devoted作原因状语.本句话意思是“教授致力于研究工作,对其他任何事情都关心甚少”.
3．Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to________some schools for poor children.
A．set up B．setting up
C．have set up D．having set up
解析：选B.此题中的had to与set up并不构成搭配,因为he had 为定语从句,修饰先行词all,set up应与devote all...to构成搭配(devote...to...中的to为介词,后接名词、代词或动名词),即devote all to setting up.
4．Lei Feng was a soldier who________the people and Chairman Mao used to speak highly of him.
A．devoted himself to serve
B．devoted himself to serving
C．was devoted to serve
D．devoted himself in serving
解析：选B.表示“致力于,献身于”应使用devote oneself to或be devoted to,其中的to是介词,之后必须接动名词、名词和代词,不能接动词原形.
5．It is said that her life was devoted to________homeless children.
A．care for B．helping
C．look after D．caring of
解析：选B.to是介词,后面接动名词.
Ⅳ.语法专练
本单元语法——定语从句(Ⅱ)
1．(2010年江西南康中学月考)Mark was a student at this university from 2006 to 2010,________he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union.
A．during which time B．for which time
C．during whose time D．by that time
解析：选A.考查定语从句.此句考查“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句.during which time在那期间,符合语意.
2．(2010年成都树德中学月考)Last week,only two people came to look at the house,________wanted to buy it.
A．none of them B．both of them
C．none of whom D．neither of whom
解析：选D.考查代词用法.none表示三者或三者以上都不,根据本句中的two people可排除A、C两项；选B项的话构成完整句子,两个句子之间缺连词,由此排除B项.所以答案是D项.“neither of whom wanted to buy it”是定语从句,表示“两人中没有一人想买下它”.
3．(2009年南通调研)She may have missed the train,________ she won’t arrive for another hour.
A．in which case B．in her case
C．in any case D．in that case
解析：选A.考查定语从句.这是一个非限制性定语从句,所以要用in which case.
4．(2009年东城检测)After visiting China,most of the foreign friends said they would never forget the time________they had spent in China.
A．that B．what
C．when D．at which
解析：选A.考查定语从句.that they had spent in China是定语从句,修饰先行词the time,关系代词that在从句中作spent的宾语,可以省略.
5．(2009年西城检测)More wild tigers have been seen in the forest around this area,________there used to be very few.
A．when B．where
C．what D．which
解析：选B.考查定语从句.分析题干和含义可知,空格处连词引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作地点状语,故选B.Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Don’t________what he says.________yourself,and you can do it very well.
A．believe in；Believe　　　　　B．believe；Believe in
C．believe in；Believe in D．believe；Believe
解析：选B.believe“相信某人(所说的话)”；believe in“信任；信仰”.
2．The________of service in this restaurant has improved a lot since I last had a dinner with my friends there.
A．method B．attitude
C．quality D．cost
解析：选C.the quality of service意为“服务质量”,表示“这个饭店的服务质量已经有了很大改善.”method指办事的方法；attitude虽然有“态度”的意思,但service本身就含有“服务态度”的意思；cost指商品或服务的价格或成本.
3．Their supporters believe in them so deeply that they are________to go to war in support of them.
A．willing B．afraid
C．anxious D．curious
解析：选A.考查词义辨析.be willing to do乐意做某事.句意：他们的支持者非常信任他们,以至于乐意去帮他们作战.
4．Children in the country should have the right to ask for ________education opportunities as those in the city.
A．equal B．unfair
C．common D．usual
解析：选A.equal“相等的,平等的”.unfair“不公平的”；common“常见的”；usual“通常的,普通的”.
5．The old man became very worried,standing at the gate,unable to find a man________ he could turn for help.
A．from whom B．at whom
C．into whom D．to whom
解析：选D.本题考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句,此处介词的判断很关键,由句意“老人想求助于(turn to)别人”可知介词为to,故选D.正常的语序为“...unable to find a man whom he could turn to for help”.
6.People________a monument to honour those people who devoted their lives to their country.
A．set out B．set down
C．set up D．set on
解析：选C.set out“开始；出发”；set down“着手”；set up“建立”；set on“攻击；前进”.
7．—I’ve lost in the game again.
—________,you still have more chances.
A．What a pity B．Don’t lose heart
C．Don’t lose your heart D．I’m sorry for you
解析：选B.由语境可知应用B项来鼓励对方.What a pity“真遗憾”；I’m sorry for you“真为你难过,可惜”,与题意不符.
8．Ms Black is considered a ________lady by her neighbors for she often helps the poor old man next door.
A．generous B．hopeful
C．mean D．selfish
解析：选A.结合语境“for she often helps the poor old man”推断出她很“慷慨(generous)”.
9．As________ matter of fact,________beauty of________nature there made an excellent impression on me.
A．a ；the；不填 B．a ；the；the
C．the；the；不填 D．a；不填；the
解析：选A.考查冠词用法.as a matter of fact是固定搭配,意为“实际上”；beauty后边有限定成分要用定冠词表特指,而nature是抽象名词,不表特指时不加冠词,故答案为A.
10．The owner of the mine was________to twenty years because he had broken the law to employ children as miners.
A．sentenced B．trapped
C．sheltered D．buried
解析：选A.be sentenced to...被判处…….句意：这个矿主因为非法雇佣童工被判处二十年的徒刑.