求助翻译这段关于欧亨利作品评论的文章,谢了!急欧·亨利生活与创作的年代,正美国资本主义飞速发展并走上帝国主义阶段的时期,国内资本主义高度集中,低层人民的生活日益贫困,而面对这

求助翻译这段关于欧亨利作品评论的文章,谢了!急欧·亨利生活与创作的年代,正美国资本主义飞速发展并走上帝国主义阶段的时期,国内资本主义高度集中,低层人民的生活日益贫困,而面对这
求助翻译这段关于欧亨利作品评论的文章,谢了!急
欧·亨利生活与创作的年代,正美国资本主义飞速发展并走上帝国主义阶段的时期,国内资本主义高度集中,低层人民的生活日益贫困,而面对这样的现实生活的美国文字,已经从早期的浪漫主义逐渐转型严峻的现实主义.作为诞生于这种典型的历史环境中的现实主义和人道主义作家,欧·亨利是扎根生活并且面对现实的.但是大众文化取向逐渐走向低级趣味与哗众取宠的社会现实也让作家认识到,出版商与杂志社老板需要的是投向大众文化的猎奇故事、幽默笑话甚至是庸俗的社会绯闻,是结局要人惊奇、给人愉快的文化快餐.为了艺术生存,也为了艺术追求,这也就迫使作家在小说创作的手法上多用些功夫,以违心的求的转向,用技巧造就适应.而这种转向与适应的结果,却是崭新的欧·亨利式的创作艺术的诞生.
1、 曲笔溶悲喜
作为批判显示现实主义作家的欧·亨利,他的短篇小说主要在于批评,即使是描写小人物的苦难生活,或表现他们苦难之中的人性美德,抑或是暴露他们身上的劣根性,也是瞄准资本主义社会黑暗现实的揭露与批评.社会现实需要他妙用曲笔,来想方设法迎合出版商与编辑部的要求和通过审查制度的关卡.马克斯曾经指出：“现在英国的一批杰出的小说家,他们在自己卓越描写生动的书籍中向世界揭示的政治和社会的真理,比一切职业政客、政治家和道德家加在一起所揭示的还要多”（5）,欧·亨利作为美国批判现实主义作家,在这方面的智慧、勇气与艺术成就,完全可以和这些作家媲美.
欧·亨利善于营造小说的结构,能使本来看似平淡、单薄的故事通过加大情节的摆幅、拓宽人物活动的天地为小说带来故事内容的变幻,让读者产生一种审美的惊奇,将变幻莫测的艺术美感瞬间打进读者的心中,是的喜剧性与悲剧性相结合来达到形式的统一,作家这种技巧就是一种隐蔽批判的曲笔.他笔下的人物的人物常常喜剧性的做出自我牺牲,想做好事却事与愿违,造成悲剧.然而又常常幽默地表现主人公在悲剧性的遭遇中出乎意外地流露出人情味,因而带有喜剧色彩.在《两位感恩节的绅士》中的皮尔与《警察与赞美诗》中的苏比,这一对青年,都是当年美国千百万失业大军中的一员,都挣扎在饥寒交迫的生死线上,这是他们共同的悲剧,也是社会的悲剧.但是他们的悲剧却又是通过相对独立的喜剧形式表现出来的：一个突出饥饿,另一个突出寒冷,然而最后却殊途同归,一个致死,一个入狱,小说又回归到悲剧的结局.作家不仅善用喜剧来展示人情冷暖,也擅长用悲剧来揭示非人性的摧残；不仅善于从喜剧中加深悲剧感染,也善于在悲剧中渗透喜剧色彩.以喜剧性的形式去表现悲剧性的内容,用悲剧性的情节来反衬喜剧性的效果,使得喜剧性与悲剧性的结合起来,形成了欧·亨利创作艺术的辩证法,具有审美反驳的功能,收到辛辣讽刺与隐蔽批判的效果,这正是作家曲笔技巧的妙用.

求助翻译这段关于欧亨利作品评论的文章,谢了!急欧·亨利生活与创作的年代,正美国资本主义飞速发展并走上帝国主义阶段的时期,国内资本主义高度集中,低层人民的生活日益贫困,而面对这
O Henry's life and creation time, is developing rapidly American capitalism and go on the imperialist stage of capitalism, the highly centralized, the lower people's lives increasingly poor, and in the face of such real life American text, from Romanticism early transition gradually austere realism. As born in the typical historical environment of realism and humanitarian writer, O Henry is rooted in life and face the reality of the. But the trend of popular culture becoming vulgar and curry favour by claptrap social reality also let writers recognize, publishers and magazine boss need to mass culture curious stories, jokes and even vulgar society gossip, is the end to surprise, give a person happy fast food culture. Art for the survival, to the pursuit of art, it will force the writer in the novel writing technique with some effort, to against the demand for skills training to adapt to. This steering results and adaptation of creation, art is a brand-new o. Henry style. 1, soluble and criticism as curve display realistic writer O Henry, in his short novels mainly lies in the criticism, even suffering little description of characters, or the performance of human virtue their affliction, or expose them deep-rooted bad habits, is also aimed at exposing and criticizing capitalism social reality. Social reality requires him to try various devices to use euphemism, to cater to the publisher and editorial requirements and through the examination of system level. Marx once pointed out: "now a batch of outstanding novelist, they vividly described the book reveals to the world political and social in their superior truth, than all the politicians, statesmen and occupation moralist in more with the" (5), o. Henry as American critical realistic writer in this respect, wisdom, courage and artistic achievement, can Pi Mei and the writer. O Henry is good at creating the structure of the novel, can make originally appears to be flat, thin story plot, by increasing the swing of the characters and broaden the story for the novel brought changes, let readers have a kind of aesthetic surprise, will change unpredictably aesthetic moment into the reader's mind, comedy and tragedy is the combination of to achieve the unity of form, the writer's skill is a covert critical curve. The characters in his novels the characters often comic make sacrifice oneself, want to do good but get the opposite of what one wants, causing the tragedy. However, often humorous performance of the hero in the tragic experience Out of the Blue revealed the human, thus has the comedy. In the "two gentlemen" Thanksgiving in the peel and "police and hymn" in the soapy, this is the year of youth, American millions of the ranks of the unemployed suffer hunger and cold, struggling in the line between life and death, this is their common tragedy, social tragedy. But their tragedy is the relatively independent comic form: a prominent hunger, another prominent cold, yet in the end are the same, a death, a prison, the novel also returns to the tragic ending. The writer not only make use of comedy to show Men's feelings are changeable., is good at with the tragedy revealed non humanity; not only good at comedy deepened tragedy infection, but also good at permeability of comedy in tragedy. The comedy of the forms to express the tragic content, the tragic story to contrast with the effect of the combination of comedy, comedy and tragic, formed the dialectics of O Henry's artistic creation, aesthetic counter function, received the pungent satire and subtle critical effect, this is the magical writer writing technique skills.